不同年限免耕秸秆覆盖对土壤活性有机碳和碳库管理指数的影响  

Soil labile organic carbon and carbon pool management index as affected by different years no-tilling with straw mulching

作　　者：蔡太义[1,2] 黄耀威[3] 黄会娟[1] 贾志宽[2] 李立科[4] 杨宝平[2] 韩思明[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学,河南焦作454000 [2]西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]河南省农业厅,郑州450008 [4]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第9期1962-1968,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目(2006BAD29B03)资助

摘　　要：为探明渭北旱塬免耕秸秆覆盖对春玉米田土壤活性有机碳(LOC)、碳库管理指数(CMI)和作物产量的影响,进而明确该区免耕覆盖的适宜年限,于2001—2010年在陕西合阳县旱农试验站,设置了不同年限处理:1年(S1)、3年(S3)、5年(S5)、8年(S8)和10年(S10)的免耕秸秆覆盖定位试验,以常规耕作(CK)和10年免耕不覆盖(CK0)为对照。结果表明:与CK相比,S1、S3、S5、S8和S10处理0～10cm土层土壤有机碳(TOC)质量分数分别提高7.6%、13.5%、25.4%、48.6%和79.0%;LOC分别提高40.1%、51.5%、102.4%、78.4%和75.3%;CMI分别提高49.4%、61.2%、126.8%、85.4%和75.3%。春玉米产量、全氮、全磷和有效磷分别与LOC和CMI呈极显著相关(P<0.01),而与TOC无显著相关性。本研究表明,LOC和CMI较TOC更能快速准确地反映不同年限免耕覆盖对土壤碳库和玉米产量的影响,可以作为渭北旱塬免耕秸秆覆盖生态效应的评价指标,且该区覆盖年限以5～8年为宜。A field experiment （2000-2010） was conducted at the Heyang Dryland Farming Experimental Station in Shaanxi Province of China to study the effects of no-tillage with straw mulching on soil labile organic carbon （LOC） and carbon management index （CMI） , and further, to search the appropriate years for no-tillage with straw mulching. Five treatments of different years no-tillage with straw mulching, i. e. , 1 year （S1）, 3 years （S3 ）, 5 years （S5） , 8 years （S8）, and 10 years （S10）, and two treatments of conventional cultivation （CK） and 10 years no-tillage with zero straw mulch （ CK0） were installed. In treatments S1 , S3 , S5 , S8, and St0, the organic carbon （TOC） content in O- 10 cm soil layer increased by 7.6% , 13.5% , 25.4% , 48.6% , and 79.0% , LOC content increased by 40. 1% , 51.5%, 102.4%, 78.4% , and 75.3%, and CMI increased by 49.4% , 61.2%, 126. 8% , 85.4% and 75.3%, respectively, compared with CK. The spring maize grain yield, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus had significant corMations with soil LOC and CMI （P 〈0. 01 ） , but less correlation with soil TOC. As compared to soil TOC, soil LOC and CMI could more rapidly and objectively reflect the effects of no-tillage with straw mulching on soil carbon pool and maize grain yield, and be used as the indices to assess the ecological effects of no-tillage with straw mulching. The appropriate years for no-tillage with straw mulching in Weibei dryland area of China could be 5-8 years.

关 键 词：免耕 秸秆 覆盖 活性有机碳 碳库管理指数 春玉米 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]