论中国传统证据文化的社会基础  

On Social Basis of Chinese Traditional Evidence Culture

作　　者：郑牧民[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉首大学法学院,湖南吉首416000

出　　处：《湖南科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2011年第5期133-138,共6页Journal of Hunan University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：湖南省哲学社会科学基金课题(07YBA033)

摘　　要：农耕经济、专制政治和宗法社会结构是传统证据文化的社会基础,对传统证据文化产生了深刻的影响。农耕经济的影响表现为:人们普遍具有毁证、伪证、匿证以及不愿作证的证据观念;证据制度简单且常历久不变;证据运用具有低科技化和经验性的特质。专制政治的影响表现为:证据制度、证据实践都以维护政治秩序和专制皇权作为根本价值取向,损害了司法正义的实现和证据权利的享有。宗法社会结构的影响表现为:影响传统证据文化的形态;制约着证据在建构案件事实的基础作用;形塑着传统证据文化的伦理性。As the social bases of Chinese traditional evidence cuhure, agricultural economy, autocratic poli- tics and patriarchal social structure has profoundly influenced Chinese traditional evidence culture. The influence by the agricultural economy can be listed as follows： traditional evidence system is simple, crude and often persistent, the kind of evidence and its content possesses obvious flavor of farming, the evidence practice is empirical and is often provided with low - technology, people in traditional society generally are unconscious of evidence and perjury collection and preservation, and the witnesses are unwilling to testify. The evidence culture under autocratic politics is characterized by political property, highly centralized authority, injustice. The patriarchal social structure, on the one hand, restricts the fundamental role of evidence played in constructing the facts of the case; on the other hand, it shapes the ethicality of evidence culture.

关 键 词：传统证据文化 社会基础 农耕经济 专制政治 宗法社会结构 

分 类 号：DF7[政治法律—诉讼法学]