气候对巢湖东半湖水体环境变化的驱动效应  

Driving Effects of Regional Climate on Dynamics of Water Environment in Eastern Half of Chaohu Lake

作　　者：左胜鹏[1] 叶良涛[1] 梅慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学环境科学与工程学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2011年第4期28-31,共4页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"富营养化水体中水生高等植物化感抑藻机制及其评价:以巢湖为例"(30900186);安徽高等学校省级自然科学研究项目(KJ2008B192)

摘　　要：分析了小尺度气候变化对巢湖水体环境的影响,并揭示了水体营养生态对气候变化的响应机制。结果表明,年降雨量、年均温度、年日照时数变化稳定,平均值分别为1 176.2 mm,15.96℃和1 906 h,而高温天数（〉35℃）年际变化显著（4-32 d/a）。调查期间总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）变化动态为开口向下的＂凸＂型抛物线形式,而高锰酸盐指数（CODMn）和叶绿素a（Chla）总体呈现为＂凹＂型曲线,水体总体呈现为中度营养状态。CCA分析发现巢湖区域的年降雨量、年均温度、年高温天数（〉35℃）、年日照时数与湖水中TN,TP,CODMn和Chla呈显著相关性。其中TN,TP,CODMn和年日照时数对水体营养状态影响显著,贡献率分别为69%,45%,36%和27%。因此,可推测日照时数年际变化是导致水质变化的重要因素之一,气候因子与TN和TP在一定条件下对水体富营养化形成具有协同效应。The small-scale climate change and water environment in the eastern half of Chaohu Lake was investigated by canonical correspondence analysis（CCA） in 1987—2007.The results were showed as the follows.Annual precipitation,mean temperature per year,and yearly sunlight hours varied constantly in about twenty years with mean value of 1 176.19 mm,15.96 ℃,1 906 h,respectively.However,annual days of high temperature over 35 ℃ showed a significant difference among surveyed years,which ranged within 4~32 d/a.Water circumstance of eastern half of Chaohu Lake displayed a non-consistent change with that of climate.In these years,Total nitrogen（TN） and total phosphor（TP） exhibited a convex track of parabola curve.The rest parameters like CODMn and Chla changed with the concave curve.It was deduced that eastern half of Chaohu Lake was evolving in meso-trophic status by typical indicators such as eutrophication index（EI,mean 41.22 annually） and nutrient quality index（NQI,1.95-5.86）.Relationship analysis indicated that climate factors were closely related with water indicators.Especially,TN,TP,CODMn,and sunlight hours contributed largely to meso-eutrophocation in eastern half of Chaohu Lake,whose influential coefficient was 69%,45%,36%,and 27%.In conclusion,the dynamic of sunlight hours for years will drive predominantly the variation of water quality of eastern half of Chaohu Lake.Especially,when coupling with high contents of TN and TP,the effects of climate factors will be more significant.

关 键 词：巢湖东半湖 气候要素 水环境 胁迫响应 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]