干旱内陆河流域平原区生态环境需水分析——以新疆自治区台兰河流域为例  

Eco-environmental Water Requirement of Plain Regions in Arid Inland River Basin——A Case Study on Tailan River Basin in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

作　　者：孙栋元[1,2] 赵成义[1] 魏恒[3] 寇思勇 彭冬梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]甘肃省水利科学研究院,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [4]河北省冶金研究院,河北石家庄050031

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2011年第4期82-88,共7页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目"准噶尔荒漠梭梭植物构型及其对水分的响应与适应研究"(30900180);国家重点基金项目"胡杨林生态格局与过程对洪水漫溢;人工灌溉的响应与调控"(40830640);国家基础科学研究(973)发展计划项目"绿洲化的水;土;气;生过程及其相互作用机制"(2009CB421302);水利部公益性项目(201001060)

摘　　要：从干旱区台兰河流域存在的环境问题出发,在确定流域平原区生态环境需水类型的基础上,构建了台兰河流域平原区生态环境需水定量模型,估算了流域平原区生态环境的规模。计算结果表明,台兰河平原区最大生态环境需水量为4.146×108m3,最小生态环境需水量为2.372×108m3,最适生态环境需水量为2.983×108m3,分别占台兰河平原区水资源总量(8.121×108m3)的51.05%,29.21%和36.73%。在不考虑河流输沙需水量的情况下,台兰河河流生态环境需水量平均为1.440×108m3。在考虑输沙需水量的情况下,河流生态环境需水量平均为2.604×108m3。明确了在确定流域生态环境需水量时,必须考虑研究区环境状况和生态保护目标,从而在不同区域和用水部门间进行调配,并针对流域不同的生态系统状况和对应生态系统类型确定了面向生态的水资源合理配置方案。In view of the present main environmental problems in the Tailan River basin,based on the types of eco-environmental water requirement for river basins,quantification model of eco-environmental water requirement for plain regions of Tailan River basin is established and the scale of eco-environmental water requirement is estimated.The results indicate that the maximum of eco-environmental water requirement is 4.146×10^8m^3,the minimum is 2.372×10^8m^3 and the optimum is 2.983×10^8m^3,which take 51.05%,29.21% and 36.73% of the regional water gross,respectively.Average eco-environmental water requirement in Tailan River is 1.440×10^8m^3 when excluding water requirement of sand transportation,and 2.604×10^8m^3 if considering the water requirement of sand transportation.According to environmental status and the aim of ecological protection,eco-environmental water requirement in river basin can be ascertained.Consequently,water resources use will be allocated in different area and different usage department,and the rational scheme of water resources in ecology will be confirmed based on the different status of ecosystem and corresponding types of ecosystem in arid inland river basin.

关 键 词：干旱区 内陆河流域 生态环境需水 台兰河流域 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X143