中国高新技术产业能源消耗与碳排放分析  

Analysis of energy consumption and low carbon strategies on the high-tech industry of China

作　　者：楚春礼[1] 郭彩霞[1] 鞠美庭[1] 王雁南[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2011年第8期23-28,共6页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.70873065)

摘　　要：基于2000—2007年中国高新技术产业经济发展与能源消耗(简称能耗)数据,统计分析了中国高新技术产业能耗强度变化趋势,并采用"学习曲线"方法论证了高新技术产业能耗的特征;在此基础上,采用政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)温室气体指导方针的方法核算了中国高新技术产业的碳排放量及排放强度。结果表明:(1)中国高新技术产业能耗总量逐年增加,从2000年的1 818万t上升到2007年的3 633万t,增加了99.8%,年均增长率10.5%;中国高新技术产业能耗总量占全国总能耗的比例略有增加。(2)中国高新技术产业能耗强度随人均产业增加值呈幂指数衰减。(3)中国高新技术产业2007年碳排放总量为10 934.1万t,比2000年增加了111.6%,年均增长11.5%。高新技术产业碳排放强度逐年下降,从2000年1.87t/万元下降到2007年的0.94t/万元,下降了49.7%,年均下降9.2%。(4)中国高新技术产业的碳排放主要来源于医药制造业、电子及通讯设备制造业。Accelerating the development of the hi-tech industry has been an important way of the industrial structure optimization and transformation in China.Based on time series analysis of the development and energy consumption of hi-tech industry during 2000-2007,the characteristics of energy consumption intensity for hi-tech industry were investigated with the learning curve,and the emission amount and emission intensity of CO2 of the hi-tech industry were analyzed with the method introduced by IPCC.Results show that the annual energy consumption of hi-tech industry increased 10.5% annually from 2000 of 18 180 thousand tons to 2007 of 36 330 thousand tons;besides,energy consumption intensity of the hi-tech industry changed in the exponent attenuation.The learning curve shows that learning efficiency of hi-tech industry is getting lower,compared with other countries,there was still more room for energy saving.109 341 thousand tons of CO2 were emitted in 2007 by hi-tech industry,which was 111.6% higher than that of 2000,given the annually increase of 11.5%,while the CO2 emission intensity has decreased by 9.2% annually,from 2000 of 1.87 t per ten thousand yuan to 2007 of 0.94 t per ten thousand yuan.The CO2 emission of the hi-tech industry was mainly contributed by medicine manufacturing industry and the industry of electronic and communication equipment manufacturing.

关 键 词：高新技术产业 能耗强度 碳排放强度 学习曲线 

分 类 号：X32[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F276.44[经济管理—企业管理]