胜利油田油井开采时间对土壤线虫群落的影响  

Effect of Time Duration of Oil Well Exploitation on Soil Nematode Communities in Shengli Oilfield

作　　者：肖能文[1] 谢德燕[1] 李俊生[1] 王学霞[1] 闫春红[1] 罗建武[1] 胡理乐[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2011年第9期1008-1015,共8页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑重点项目(2008BAC43B01;2008BAC43B02)

摘　　要：选择胜利油田不同开采时间的油井,研究石油开采对土壤线虫的影响.试验共鉴定出土壤线虫18科39属,其中食细菌线虫23属、食真菌线虫2属、植物寄生线虫9属、杂食/捕食线虫5属.食细菌类线虫数量所占比例最大,达56.36%,其次为食植物类、杂食/捕食类和食真菌类线虫.优势类群为盆咽属(Panagrolaimus)、头叶属(Cephalobus)、真头叶属(Eucephalobus).石油开采时间影响土壤线虫数量与植食性线虫数量,同时还影响线虫群落植物寄生线虫成熟指数(PPI),与开采时间显著相关的线虫有13个属.受石油开采干扰土壤的线虫主要是c-p 1和c-p 2类群.油井开采时间与土壤中w(总石油烃)的相关性不显著,土壤中w(总石油烃)影响线虫成熟指数(MI),而盘旋属(Rotylenchus)数量受石油烃影响较大.In order to study the impact of oil exploitation on soil nematode communities,six oil wells with different exploitation times located in the Shengli Oilfield were selected in this experiment.The results showed that 39 genera in 18 families of oil nematodes were identified,including 23 genera in Bacterivores（Ba）,2 genera in Fungivores（Fu）,9 genera in Herbivores（H） and 5 genera in Omnivores-predators（O）.The largest proportion was Bacterivores,reaching 56.36%,followed by Herbivores,Fungivores and Omnivores-predators.Dominant groups were Panagrolaimus,Cephalobus and Eucephalobus.The oil exploitation duration significantly affected the total number of nematodes,the number of Herbivores and plant parasitic index（PPI） of the nematode community.13 genera of nematodes were correlated significantly with the duration of oil exploitation.The nematodes influenced by oil exploitation were mianly in the c-p 1 and c-p 2 groups.The oil exploitation duration was not significantly correlated with total petroleum hydrocarbon content.However,total petroleum hydrocarbon content did greatly impact the MI index of the nematodes community and the number of Rotylenchus.

关 键 词：胜利油田 石油开采 土壤线虫 群落结构 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]