油茶饼粕浸出液对淡水鱼·虾·螺的毒性研究  

Study on the Toxicity of Extract from Seed Cake of Camellia oleifera Abel to Freshwater Fishes,Shrimps and Snails

作　　者：叶显峰[1] 郑世雄[1] 祖国掌[2] 徐启龙[2] 赵同德[2] 谢士峰 李国峰 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学生命科学学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]安徽农业大学动物科技学院,安徽合肥230036 [3]安徽省淮南焦岗湖水产旅游开发有限公司,安徽淮南232181

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2011年第24期14904-14906,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BADB1B10-01-02);科技人员服务企业行动项目(09020303089)

摘　　要：[目的]进一步探讨油茶饼粕在淡水鱼虾蟹病害防治中的应用。[方法]采用单因子梯度法,利用不同浓度的油茶饼粕浸出液对5种有鳞鱼和2种无鳞鱼及青虾和螺蛳等水产动物进行毒性试验。[结果]油茶饼粕浸出液对有鳞鱼鲢、鳙、草鱼、鲤、鲫鱼24和48 h的LC50分别为6.25和5.16 mg/L、5.26和5.12 mg/L、9.74和5.87 mg/L、9.29和7.64 mg/L、11.3和7.55 mg/L;油茶饼粕浸出液对无鳞鱼斑点叉尾鮰、泥鳅在24和48 h的LC50分别为:7.47和5.00 mg/L、26.42和16.80 mg/L;青虾和螺蛳在90 mg/L油茶饼粕浸出液的情况下48 h存活率达100%。油茶饼粕浸出液对淡水鱼类具有显著的毒杀性,而淡水青虾和螺蛳对油茶饼粕浸出液具有较高的耐受性。[结论]利用油茶饼粕浸出液控制混入淡水虾蟹养殖池的野杂鱼和防治病害,具有较好的前景。[Objective] The research aimed to further discuss the application of seed cake of Camellia oleifera Abel in the disease prevention and control of freshwater fishes,shrimps and snails.[Method] The toxicity of different concentrations of extract from seed cake from C.oleifera to aquatic animals such as five species of fishes with squama,two species of fishes without squama,black shrimp and snails was studied.[Result] 24 h and 48 h LC50 of extract from C.oleifera to fishes with squama Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,Aristichthys nobilis,Ctenopharyngodon idellus,Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus,Carassius auratus were 6.25 and 5.16 mg/L,5.26 and 5.12 mg/L,9.74 and 5.87 mg/L,9.29 and 7.64 mg/L,11.3 and 7.55 mg/L respectively.24 h and 48 h LC50 of extract from C.oleifera to fishes without squama Lctalurus punctatus and Misgurnus anguillicaudatus were 7.47 and 5.00 mg/L,26.42 and 16.80 mg/L.The survival rates of black shrimps and snails in 90 mg/L extract from C.oleifera reached 100%.The extract from C.oleifera had significant toxicity to freshwater fishes,but freshwater black shrimps and snails had higher tolerance to extract from C.oleifera.[Conclusion] It is of good foreground to control wild fishes and prevent and treat the diseases in artificial culture of freshwater shrimps and crabs by using extract from C.oleifera.

关 键 词：油茶皂素 浸出液 淡水鱼虾 螺蛳 半致死浓度(LC50) 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]