长江口南支和杭州湾北岸碎波带水域仔稚鱼群聚的比较  

Comparison in fish larvae and juvenile assemblages between the surf zones of south branch of Yangtze River estuary and north coast of Hangzhou Bay

作　　者：陈渊戈[1,2] 张宇[1] 钟俊生[1] 葛珂珂[3] 毛成责[1] 方永清[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学院东海水产研究所农业部海洋与河口渔业电点开放实验室,上海200090 [3]江苏省海洋水产研究所,江苏南通226007

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2011年第5期688-696,共9页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会重要攻关项目(0839190200);上海市教育委员会重点学科建设项目(S30701)

摘　　要：2009年8月至2010年8月,按月用小型拖网(1 m×4 m,网目1mm)在长江口南支和杭州湾北岸碎波带水域采集仔稚鱼。在长江口南支碎波带拖曳267网次,采集到仔稚鱼11 066尾,隶属于11科40种,数量最多的为刀鲚(Coilia nasus),占渔获物的64.44%;在杭州湾北岸拖曳195网次,采集到仔稚鱼3 841尾,隶属于23科59种,普氏细棘虾虎鱼(Acentrogobius pflaumii)和多鳞四指马鲅(Eleutheronema rhadinum)共占渔获物的61.73%。两水域虽然存在25个共有种,但地形和水环境的差异影响了鱼类组成,相异性指数高达0.925。发育阶段的组成也存在差异,杭州湾碎波带的仔稚鱼以后弯曲期仔鱼和稚鱼为主,而长江口仔稚鱼各发育阶段的比例差异相对较小。杭州湾北岸碎波带水域的仔稚鱼多样性高于长江口南支碎波带水域,其Margalef种丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou均匀度指数均较高。K优势度曲线图也显示杭州湾北岸碎波带水域具有较高的仔稚鱼种类丰度。研究亮点:本研究首次对杭州湾的鱼类早期资源进行了调查,为杭州湾渔业资源的保护和合理利用提供科学材料。同时调查了毗邻的长江口南支水域的仔稚鱼资源,通过比较两水域的仔稚鱼群落,探讨了地貌和水文对鱼类分布的影响。From August 2009 to August 2010,larval and juvenile fishes were monthly collected by a seine net（1m×4m,1 mm mesh-aperture） in the surf zones of south branch of Yangtze River estuary and north coast of Hangzhou Bay.267 hauls were conducted in the Yangtze River estuary,and a total of 11 066 catches belonging to 43 species from 23 families were collected,the most dominant species was Coilia nasus which comprised 64.44% of the total catches.195 hauls were conducted in Hangzhou Bay,a total of 3 841 catches belonging to 62 species from 23 families were collected,Acentrogobius pflaumii and Eleutheronema rhadinum comprised 61.73% of the total catches.The differences of geography and aquatic environment between two areas affected composition of fish assemblage,while 26 mutual species occurred,the dissimilarity index still rose to 0.927.Developmental stage of fish larvae and juveniles also showed some differences,post-flexion and juvenile fish dominated the total catches in Hangzhou Bay,whereas the variation in Yangtze River estuary was not in evidence.Community diversity of Hangzhou Bay is higher than that of the Yangtze River estuary,and the Margalef index,Shannon-Wierner index and Pielou eveness index were all higher.K-dominance curves revealed that the species richness was higher in Hangzhou Bay.

关 键 词：长江口 杭州湾 碎波带 仔稚鱼群聚 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]