儿童社交退缩、同伴关系和社会信息加工特点的关系  

The Relation Among Social Withdrawal,Peer Relationship and Social-information-processing in Middle Childhood

作　　者：刘爱书[1] 于增艳[2] 杨飞龙[1] 裴亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学教育科学学院,哈尔滨150025 [2]齐齐哈尔医学院精神卫生学院,齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《心理科学》2011年第5期1113-1119,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅人文社会科学项目(11532072)的资助

摘　　要：应用班级戏剧问卷在小学3-5年级儿童中筛选退缩儿童121名(安静退缩52名,活跃退缩47名,混合退缩22名),同时设立对照组。集体施测同伴提名、朋友提名和友谊质量问卷,并对其中部分儿童实施社会信息加工的结构性访谈,探讨童年中期不同类型社交退缩儿童的同伴关系和社会信息加工特点之间的关系。结果表明,安静退缩儿童的同伴关系与一般儿童无显著差异,但活跃退缩和混合退缩儿童的同伴关系较差;活跃退缩和混合退缩儿童与一般儿童相比,在社会信息加工过程中存在更多的差异;同伴关系在社交退缩行为与社会信息加工能力之间起到部分中介作用;可从同伴关系和反应执行水平两个方面综合预测儿童退缩行为。As the psychological and social risks associated with social withdrawal have become clear, social withdrawal has become a very important issue in developmental psychology and cross-cultural psychology since 1980s. It has been found that socially withdrawn school-age children were reported to have more negative self-perceptions, greater feelings of social anxiety and loneliness, higher rates of depression, and are more likely to be rejected by peers than their non-withdrawn classmates. Several factors have been protxxsed that may underlie the development and display of social withdrawal in childhood, including biological and physiological factors, as well as parental beliefs and practices. Another process that might underlie the development of social withdrawal is children＇ s social information processing abilities. However, there has been surprisingly little research exploring the social information processing of socially withdrawn children. Although certain characteristics of SIP may place withdrawn children at risk for maladjustment, it is also important to assess those factors that can protect children from maladaptive social interpretations and coping strategies. One such protective factor for socially withdrawn children may be friendship. As such, the pmlxx~ of this study was to explore the peer relationships and social information processing of the different types of social withdrawal in middle childhood, and to find the relations between peer relationships and social information processing of withdrawn children. The Class Play Scale was used to screen 121 socially withdrawn children from 929 third- to fifth-graders and a control group was established. The Peer Nomination, Friend Nomination and Friendship Quality Questionnaire were administered to all the children and a structural interview of social information processing was admimistered to a part of them. The results indicated as follows： 1. The peer relationships of the passive withdrawn children, which weren＇t significantly different from the c

关 键 词：社交退缩 同伴关系 社会信息加工 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]