从同质公平到差异公平——美国基础教育财政政策中公平理念的转变、应用与启示  

From Homogeneous Fairness to Discrepant Fairness—The Evolution of the Fairness Concept in American Elementary Education Financial Policy and its Application and Inspiration

作　　者：付建军[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学政治学研究院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《外国教育研究》2011年第9期21-25,共5页Studies in Foreign Education

摘　　要：20世纪90年代后期,美国基础教育财政体制实现了从"公平性财政"向"充足性财政"的转变。从"公平性财政"到"充足性财政"凸显了内涵于美国基础教育财政政策中公平理念从同质向差异的转化,这种从同质公平向差异公平的理念转化具体表现为美国基础教育财政政策中"充足性财政政策"的产生和运用。"充足性财政政策"缓解了美国基础教育中的财政分配不公平程度,为中国义务教育财政改革提供了借鉴的可能。In the end of the 20 century,American elementary education financial policy has reformed from fiscal neutrality to educational adequacy. This reform reveals the evolution of the fairness orientation from homogeneous fairness to discrepant fairness in American elementary education financial policy,which can be shown from the generation and application of adequacy financial policy. The adequacy financial policy has eased the unfair phenomenon of assignment in American elementary education financial policy and has significant enlightenment to the financial policy reform of our compulsory education.

关 键 词：美国 基础教育财政 同质公平 差异公平 充足性财政政策 

分 类 号：G467[文化科学—教育学]