自我意识对儿童抑郁症状的影响  

Effects of self-consciousness on Depression among primary and secondary school students

作　　者：毕烨[1] 韩娟[1] 杨森焙[1] 沈敏[1] 时俊新[1] 李小彩[2] 赵丽娜[3] 王丽卿[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系,湖北武汉430030 [2]河南科技大学第一附属医院 [3]温州市疾病控制中心

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2011年第26期4072-4073,共2页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

摘　　要：目的:探讨儿童自我意识与抑郁的关系,为儿童心理健康教育提供理论和实践依据。方法:整群抽取某市小学、初中各1所学校,共873名8～16岁中小学生,采用抑郁量表和Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表进行问卷调查。结果:抑郁检出率为33.90%。初中生抑郁的检出率高于小学生,抑郁儿童自我意识各因子得分均显著低于非抑郁儿童的得分,自我意识水平越低抑郁症状的检出率越高。通过Logistic回归分析发现,行为问题、有焦虑感、幸福与满足感缺乏的儿童出现抑郁症状的可能性大。结论:某市中小学生抑郁症状检出率较高,自我意识对抑郁有预测作用,自我意识偏低易导致个体抑郁情绪。Objective：To explore the relationship between the self-consciousness and depression in school students,as well as to provide theoretical evidence for the mental health education. Methods：873 students aged 8~16 from one primary school and one middle school in a city were chosen by the stratified cluster sampling method.The CES-D and PHCSS were used in this questionnaire survey. Results：33.90% of the students were detected to be depressive and the incidence of depression of the middle school students was significant higher than that of the pupils（P〈0.01）.The depressive children had lower scores of each factor of the PHCSS than that of the non-depressed,the difference had statistical significance（P〈0.01）.The students with lower self-consciousness level had relatively higher detectable rate of depressed symptoms.The Logistic regression analysis showed that good behaviors,happiness,satisfaction and less anxiety were closely relevant with decreasing incidence of depression of both primary and middle school students. Conclusion：The survey suggests that there is a rather high incidence of depression in both primary and secondary school students.The self-consciousness is a predictor of depression,and low self-consciousness may lead to depression.

关 键 词：自我意识 抑郁症状 儿童 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]