地衣芽孢杆菌对亚硒酸盐的还原  

The Reduction of Selenite by Bacillus licheniformis

作　　者：朱建明[1] 雷磊[1,2] 肖湘[3] 袁永强[1,2] 秦海波[1,2] 苏惠 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550002 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,厦门361005 [4]湖北省恩施自治州疾病预防控制中心,胡北恩施445000

出　　处：《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2011年第3期245-250,共6页Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-JC101);国家自然科学基金创新群体项目(40721002;40973085);矿床地球化学国家重点实验室开放项目资助项目(200912)

摘　　要：利用高硒碳质泥岩中筛选出的地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformi),研究了该菌对亚硒酸盐硒的耐受与还原行为。结果表明,液体培养基(YEG)中,它能耐受320 mM亚硒酸盐硒的浓度,耐受硒酸盐硒的浓度可高达1000 mM。然而,高浓度的亚硒酸盐硒对它的生长有明显的抑制作用。在有氧和厌氧的环境中,地衣芽孢杆菌均能还原亚硒酸盐中的硒:将四价硒还原为纳米球状的元素硒颗粒,使其分布在菌体的周边和细胞内。在含5 mM亚硒酸钠的液体培养基中,还原亚硒酸钠硒成为元素硒的平均效率约为42%。地衣芽孢杆菌在生存环境无严格要求的条件下,其还原亚硒酸盐硒形成纳米元素硒颗粒的现象,是研究生物合成低毒的纳米活性元素硒和生物修复硒污染技术的基础,也为硒的微生物矿化过程提供了契机。Bacillus Licheniformi,which can reduce the toxic selenite anion to red elemental selenium（Se0）,was isolated from a carbonaceous mudstone with high content of Se.The results showed that this strain can stand in 320 mM SeO2-3 and in more than 1000 mM SeO2-4.However,the high concentration of SeO2-3 can inhibit the growth of the strain in liquid medium（YEG）.No matter in aerobic culture or anaerobic culture that the strain was inoculated,it can reduce selenite anion to nanospheric elemental selenium granules,distributed around or within the cells.In the liquid YEG medium contains 5mM of selenite,the transformed efficiency of Se4＋ to Se0 by Bacillus licheniformi was 42% approximately.Since no rigorous requirement for Bacillus licheniformi to live,it is suitable to be selected in microbial remediation techniques as the strains that cope with selenium pollutions,and to produce the nano-Se granules with bioavailability.At the same time,the phenomena of selenite anions reduced to elemental Se by the bacterial provides a chance to further understand the microbial mineralization of selenium in the environment.

关 键 词：地衣芽孢杆菌 亚硒酸盐硒的还原 元素硒 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]