生物表面活性剂对疏水性有机物的增溶特性  

Solubilization of hydrophobic organic compounds by biosurfactant

作　　者：李琦[1,2] 黄廷林[2] 宋进喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学城市与环境学院,陕西西安710127 [2]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《化学工程》2011年第9期1-5,共5页Chemical Engineering(China)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50378077);陕西省教育厅专项基金(07JK388)

摘　　要：在提高疏水性有机污染物的生物可利用性方面,生物表面活性剂的增溶效果是关键。通过实验测试了单一鼠李糖脂生物表面活性剂、复配表面活性剂(鼠李糖脂-非离子表面活性剂)对疏水性有机污染物增溶性能的影响,在此基础上,进一步考察了无机盐对复配表面活性剂增溶效果的影响。结果表明:鼠李糖脂质量浓度在临界胶束质量浓度之上时,长链烷烃和多环芳烃在水相中的表观溶解度随鼠李糖脂质量浓度的增大而线性增大,摩尔增溶比的变化关系为正十六烷>萘>蒽>芘;鼠李糖脂-非离子复合表面活性剂对于芘的增溶存在协同效应,增溶作用大于生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂,表现为:鼠李糖脂-吐温80>鼠李糖脂-月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚;并且随无机盐质量浓度的增大,复合表面活性剂增溶作用增强。The solubilization effect of biosurfactant plays a great role in improving bioavailability of hydrophobic organic compounds（HOCs）.The effects of single biosurfactant（rhamnolip） and binary mixed-surfactants（rhamnolip-nonionics） on the solubilization of insoluble organic compounds were demonstrated in the experiment.The solubility of the mixed surfactants upon the addition of inorganic salts was studied.The results show that there is a linear positive correlation between the mass concentration of rhamnolipid and the apparent water solubility of long-chain alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） as it is above the critical micelle mass concentration（CMC）,where the sequence of molar solubilization ratio（MSR） values is as follows： n-hexadecanenaphthaleneanthracenepyrene.In addition,the mixed surfactant displays a synergistic effect on the solubilization of pyrene,and has better solubility than pure rhamnolipid.The synergistic power of the mixtures for HOCs is rhamnolipid-Tween80rhamnolipid-lauryl-alcohol-polyoxyethylene,and their solubility is proportional to the mass concentration of inorganic salts.

关 键 词：生物表面活性剂 鼠李糖脂 难溶性有机物 增溶 

分 类 号：X13[环境科学与工程—环境科学]