捕捞作用下鱼类资源量变动短期影响的模拟研究  

A SIMULATION STUDY OF SHORT-TERM FISH ABUNDANCE VARIATION UNDER THE EFFECT OF FISHING

作　　者：王迎宾[1] 郑基[1] 覃涛[1] 郑献之[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋学院水产学院,浙江舟山316004

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2011年第3期39-45,共7页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家国家自然科学基金项目(40801225);浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y3090038)资助

摘　　要：持续高强度的捕捞已经严重影响到渔业资源的可持续利用,其对渔业资源的最直接和明显的影响就是资源量的减少。本文对不同捕捞强度作用下,不同生活史和补充量的单鱼种群体的资源量在短期内（1~3a）的变动进行了模拟研究。结果表明,受捕捞影响,鱼类群体资源量在周年内逐渐减少,但短寿命种类的资源量比寿命较长的种类更易恢复。年补充量和捕捞强度都会对资源量的恢复产生影响,其中补充量的影响更为显著。模拟研究过程中考虑了3个半月伏季休渔措施的影响,结果显示伏季休渔并未对资源恢复起到明显的作用。因此,应该强调伏季休渔的科学依据,在伏季休渔实施的同时,加强捕捞强度的控制,使每年能够有足够的补充群体。Continuous high strengthfishing effort has seriously affectedthe sustainable utilization of fisheries resource.The most direct and obvious effect caused by fishing is the decrease of fish abundance.Simulation studies about the shot-term（1~3 years） resource variation of single-species with different life histories and recruitment under different fishing intensities were carried out.The results show that fish abundance decreased annually because of fishing.The abundance of species with short longevity was easier to recover than that with long lifetime.Both recruitment and fishing effort can impact on the recovery of fish abundance,and effect of recruitmentwill be more significant.Three and a half months＇closingfishing system was considered in the simulations,and results show that it did not play obvious role in resource recovery.Therefore,the scientific basis of closing fishing should be emphasized.The fishing intensity should also be controlled besidesthe closing fishing system to ensure adequate recruitment annually.

关 键 词：捕捞 资源量 短期 模拟研究 

分 类 号：S977[农业科学—捕捞与储运] X24[农业科学—水产科学]