WRF耦合4个陆面过程对“6.19”暴雨过程的模拟研究  

Simulation of the "19 June 2010" Heavy Rainfall Event by Using WRF Coupled with Four Land Surface Processes

作　　者：张瑛[1,2] 肖安[2] 马力[2] 王欢[2] 马中元[3] 周芳 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局武汉暴雨研究所,武汉430074 [2]江西省气象台,南昌330046 [3]江西省气象科学研究所,南昌330046 [4]江西省抚州市气象台,344000

出　　处：《气象》2011年第9期1060-1069,共10页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：中国气象局武汉暴雨研究所暴雨研究开放基金(IHR2009K03);财政部/科技部公益类行业专项(GYHY200906010);国家自然科学基金(41075034);江西省气象局重点项目(JXQX2010Z03)

摘　　要：利用WRF模式与4个陆面过程的耦合,对2010年6月19—20日的暴雨过程进行了数值模拟,并分析陆面过程对暴雨强度和范围的敏感性。结果显示:WRF耦合4个陆面过程模拟的雨带和实况分布一致,均为东西向的雨带形状,且均预报出与实况资料相似的强降水中心。在无陆面方案情况下,强降水中心的位置、范围、强度等都发生明显变化。另外地表径流预报量和降水趋势表现一致,由于土壤含水量趋于饱和,多余的降水分配给地表径流,这种剧增的地表径流也是洪水暴涨、水位上升的重要原因。在较湿的土壤状况下,由于净辐射增长,有利于产生厚度更小的边界层高度以及更大的地表向上潜热通量,这也是导致本次降水过程异常增幅的一个重要原因。The heavy rainfall which occurred from 19 to 20 June 2010,was simulated by using WRF model coupled with four land surface processes.The sensitivity of land surface process to the intensity and range of heavy rainfall was analyzed.The results show that the rain bands simulated by four land surface processes coupled with WRF are accordance with the observations,as well as the simulated strong precipitation centers are also in phase with the observations.The lack of land surface scheme leads to the obvious shift of intensity,range and position of heavy rainfall.In addition,the heavy precipitation is associated with areas of large run-off and even larger soil moisture increment.Due to the saturation soil water content,the excess precipitation was assigned to the surface runoff.This is the important reason to the rapid rise of water level.Under wet soil moisture conditions,the enhanced flux of heat from the surface into the boundary layer air favored a relatively large magnitude of PBL height and latent heat flux.This is the key which caused the abnormal precipitation increase of this heavy rainfall event.

关 键 词：暴雨 陆面过程 初始土壤湿度 潜热通量 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P404[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]