施肥对青贮玉米营养品质和饲用价值的影响  

Effects of Fertilizing on Nutritional Quality and Feeding Value of Maize Silage

作　　者：徐敏云[1] 谢帆[1] 李运起[1] 李建国[1] 伊霞[1] 曹玉凤[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,保定071000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2011年第6期1043-1051,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD04A10);国家现代农业产业技术体系(nycytx-38);河北省科技攻关项目(10220401D)

摘　　要：为研究施肥种类、施肥量等农业技术措施对青贮玉米营养品质和饲用价值的影响,建立资源节约型的施肥模式,于2008年在河北省石家庄市进行了青贮玉米肥料效应试验。采用再裂区完全随机区组设计,研究底肥(牛粪厩肥和无机复合肥)、种肥(锌肥)和追肥(氮肥)的不同配比与施用量对青贮玉米营养品质和饲用价值的影响。结果表明:1)底肥、种肥和追肥均显著影响青贮玉米的营养成分含量及饲用价值;2)底肥为厩肥、追施氮肥更能有效提高青贮玉米营养成分含量和饲用价值。基施50 000 kg/hm2的牛粪厩肥、15 kg/hm2ZnSO4.6H2O拌种、播后25 d追施尿素300 kg/hm2,青贮玉米的营养品质和饲用价值最高。The aim of the experiment was to explore the effects of fertilizing model and application level on nutritional quality and feeding value of maize silage,and then set up the resource-saving mode of fertilization.Field experiment was conducted in Shijiazhuang in 2008.A completely randomized re-split-plot block design was adopted to study the influence of the proportion and quantity of base fertilizer（barnyard manure and inorganic fertilizer）,seed manure（zinc fertilizer） and topdressing（urea） on the nutritional quality and feeding value of maize silage.The results were showed as follows： 1） base fertilizer,seed manure and topdressing all affect the contents of crude protein（CP）,crude ash（CA）,ether extract（EE）,neutral detergent fiber（NDF）,acid detergent fiber（ADF）,grading index（GI） and relative feed value（RFV） significantly;2） barnyard manure is more favorable for nutritional quality and feeding value of maize silage than inorganic fertilizer.The nutritional quality and feeding value of maize silage in topdressing condition are better than those under non-topdressing.Seed fertilizer of 15 kg/hm^2 ZnSO4·6H2O is suitable for the contents of CP and CA,RFV and GI.But for EE content,the application level of seed manure of 30 kg/hm^2 ZnSO4·6H2O is favorable.For the contents of NDF and ADF,the equivalent application level of seed manure are 0 or 30 kg/hm^2 ZnSO4·6H2O.In conclusion,50 000 kg/hm^2 of cow dung manure as base fertilize,15 kg/hm^2 ZnSO4·6H2O mixed with seed when sowing,and 300 kg/hm^2 urea as topdressing applied to the field 25 days after sowing,maize silage have the highest nutritional quality and feeding value.Barnyard manure as base fertilizer is better than inorganic fertilizer.

关 键 词：青贮玉米 厩肥 锌肥 氮肥 营养品质 饲用价值 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]