植酸酶预处理饲料对斑点叉尾鮰生长及磷利用率的影响  

Effects of Phytase-pretreated Diets on Growth and Phosphorus Utilization of Channel Catfish(Ictalurus punctatus)

作　　者：黄可[1] 杨雨虹[1] 刘行彪[1] 付熊[1] 吴晗冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2011年第7期1217-1224,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金(C2007-29)

摘　　要：本试验通过体外预处理方式在饲料中添加植酸酶,旨在探讨其对斑点叉尾鮰生长及磷利用率的影响。试验以初始条件一致、平均体重为(1.74±0.02)g的450尾斑点叉尾鮰(Icta-lurus punctatus)稚鱼为研究对象,采用单因素完全分组设计,随机分为5个组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼。D0组为对照组,饲喂基础饲料(所用混合蛋白质源未经植酸酶处理);D1、D2、D3、D4组为试验组,通过预处理方式分别在基础饲料中添加300、500、1 000、1 500U/kg的植酸酶,制成试验饲料进行饲喂,试验持续90d。结果表明:植酸酶预处理饲料显著增加鱼体的增重率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率,降低饲料系数(P<0.05),且上述指标均以D3组试验鱼表现最好。植酸酶预处理饲料还可以显著提高饲料中磷的表观消化率及鱼体椎骨磷含量,降低单位增重磷排放量(P<0.05)。饲料中磷的表观消化率随植酸酶添加浓度的增加而提高,且D3和D4组显著高于其他试验组(P<0.05)。单位增重磷排放量与植酸酶添加浓度在一定范围内呈显著的负相关(P<0.05),但D3和D4组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。鱼体椎骨磷含量以D3组为最高,显著高于D1和D2组(P<0.05),但与D4组差异不显著(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,各试验组全鱼粗蛋白质、粗灰分、钙、磷含量显著提高(P<0.05),粗脂肪含量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,通过预处理方式在饲料中添加植酸酶可以促进斑点叉尾鮰鱼体生长并提高饲料中磷的利用率,降低饲料系数。从斑点叉尾鮰鱼体生长及磷利用率等方面综合考虑,通过预处理方式在饲料蛋白质原料中添加1 000U/kg植酸酶最为适宜。The single factor random block design was used to evaluate the effects of phytase-pretreated diets on growth and phosphorus utilization of channel catfish（Ictalurus punctatus）.Four hundred and fifty channel catfish with the initial body weight of（1.74±0.02） g were divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate.A basal diet was used as a control（D0） that contained a mixed plant protein source without phytase pretreated,however,in the other experimental diets,the mixed plant protein source in which was pretreated prior to making diets using 300（D1）,500（D2）,1 000（D3） or 1 500（D4） U/kg phytase.The experiment lasted for 90 days.The results showed that weigh gain rate（WGR）,specific growth rate（SGR） and protein efficiency ratio were significantly increased and feed conversion ratio（FCR） was significantly decreased by phytase-pretreated diets（P0.05）,and the diet D3 behaved the best effect in above indices.Phytase-pretreated diets could significantly increase the apparent digestibility of phosphorus in diets and phosphorus content of vertebra in fish and decreased the phosphorus excretion per gram of weight gain（P0.05）.The apparent digestibility of phosphorus was increased with the phytase supplemental level increasing,and the apparent digestibility of phosphorus in groups D3 and D4 was significantly lower than that in other experimental groups（P0.05）.In certain extent,there was a significantly negative correlation between the phosphorus excretion per gram of weight gain and phytase supplemental level（P0.05）,while no significant differences were found between groups D3 and D4（P0.05）.The highest phosphorus content of vertebra in fish was found in group D3,and significantly higher than that in groups D1 and D2（P0.05）,while no significant differences were found between groups D3 and D4（P0.05）.Compared with the control group,the whole fish crude protein,crude ash,calcium and phosphorus contents were significantly increased and th

关 键 词：斑点叉尾鮰 植酸酶 生长 磷利用率 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]