microRNAs--脂质代谢调控新机制  

microRNAs:A New Mechanisms for Regulation of Lipid Metabolism

作　　者：陈五军[1,2] 尹凯[1,3] 赵国军[1,4] 唐朝克[1] 

机构地区：[1]南华大学心血管病研究所,动脉硬化湖南省重点实验室,生命科学研究中心,衡阳421001 [2]南华大学药物药理研究所,衡阳421001 [3]南华大学诊断学教研室,衡阳421001 [4]南华大学组织胚胎学教研室,衡阳421001

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2011年第9期781-790,共10页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81070220);湖南省自然科学衡阳联合基金资助项目(10JJ9019)~~

摘　　要：综述了近年来microRNAs,尤其是miR-33在脂质代谢调控方面的功能研究进展.脂质代谢在细胞水平进行有规律的调控,主要参与者有肝X受体(LXRs)和固醇调节元件结合蛋白(SREBPs)等.最近研究发现,非编码RNAs家族成员microRNAs在转录后水平调节脂质代谢相关基因表达,参与胆固醇、甘油三酯和脂肪酸代谢.其中miR-33可靶向沉默三磷酸脂苷结合盒(ABC)转运体家族成员ABCA1和ABCG1,抑制胆固醇流出和高密度脂蛋白(HDL)合成;通过靶向沉默脂肪酸β-氧化相关基因,如CPT1A、CROT和HADHB表达,抑制脂肪酸氧化;还可沉默AMPK和RIP140的表达,影响甘油三酯代谢.其他microRNAs如miR-122、miR-370、miR-125a-5p、miR-27、miR-320等,也参与调控胆固醇、甘油三脂、脂肪酸代谢及脂肪细胞分化.Lipid metabolism is tightly regulated at the cellular level, in addition to classic transcriptional regulation of cholesterol metabolism （e.g. by SREBP and LXR）. Members of a class of non-coding RNAs termed microRNAs have recently been identified to be potent post-transcriptional regulators of lipid metabolism genes, including metabolisms of cholesterol, triglyceride, and fatty acid. Several reports have recently shown that miR-33 regulates cholesterol efflux and HDL biogenesis by downregulating the expression of the ABC transporters, ABCA1 and ABCG1. Moreover, miR-33 also inhibits the translation of several transcriptional regulating proteins for fatty acid β-oxidation, including CPT1A, CROT, and HADHB, thereby inhibiting fatty acid degradation. In addition, miR-33 may regulates triglyceride metabolism through negatively regulating the activity of AMPK and RIP140. Other microRNAs including miR-122, miR-370, miR-125a-5p, miR-27 and miR-320 have been shown to play important roles in regulating cholesterol homeostasis, triglyceride, fatty acid metabolism and lipogenesis. The current progress of the microRNAs, especially miR-33, in regulating lipid metabolism were summarized.

关 键 词：MICRORNAS 胆固醇稳态 脂肪酸氧化 HDL 甘油三脂代谢 

分 类 号：R363[医药卫生—病理学]