基于无线传感器网络的极大似然定位法的分析  

Analysis on node localization method using maximum likelihood estimation based on wireless sensor networks

作　　者：徐原博[1] 钟丽鸿[1] 崔洋[1] 何丽莉[1] 曹英辉[1] 胡成全[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学计算机科学与技术学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《传感器与微系统》2011年第10期37-40,43,共5页Transducer and Microsystem Technologies

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划重点资助项目(20090425)

摘　　要：对现在普遍应用的极大似然估计定位方法进行了分析,发现极大似然估计法参考方程(第n个方程)的锚节点(参照锚节点)测距误差和参照锚节点在定位区域内的位置对定位误差有重要影响:参照锚节点的测距误差越小,计算得到的定位精度越高;当所有方程所含误差相同时,参照锚节点在定位区域中心时定位误差小,在定位区域边缘时定位误差大;当参照锚节点测距误差为0时,参照锚节点靠近定位区域中心或者在定位区域中心时定位误差大,而在四周时小,但相差不大。在实际应用中,可以利用这一结果,选择合适的参照锚节点,使得定位效果最佳。Maximum likelihood estimation method which is now widely used is analyzed through some experiments. The results show that the ranging error and the position of the anchor node, which is called reference node, contained in the reference equation（ the n, th equation）have significant impact on the node localization with Maximum likelihood estimation method：the smaller the ranging error of the reference node is , the more accurate the node localization will be. When all the equations have the same ranging error in this method, the localization error is relatively smaller if the reference node is in the center of the position area, but bigger on the edge. When the ranging error in the reference equation is 0, the location estimation error is relatively bigger if the reference node is in the center of the localization area, but smaller on the edge, whereas, there is no significant difference between them. In the real application, the node localization can be optimized by choosing an appropriate reference node with these results.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 节点定位 极大似然估计法 最小二乘法 参照锚节点 

分 类 号：TP301[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]