氨水湿磨对稻草厌氧发酵的促进作用  

Improvement of anaerobic fermentation of rice straw by integrated wet-milling and ammonia pretreament

作　　者：钱莉[1] 缪冶炼[1] 蒋学剑[1] 林丽军[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学食品与轻工学院材料化学工程国家重点实验室,南京210009

出　　处：《生物加工过程》2011年第5期43-47,共5页Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委-广东省政府联合基金资助项目(U0733001);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2009CB724700)

摘　　要：提出了为改善稻草厌氧发酵效率的氨水湿磨预处理方法。首先对稻草进行剪切、粗粉碎和氨水湿磨处理,然后采用单相法对预处理稻草进行厌氧发酵,以把握稻草厌氧发酵中反应速率和发酵料液pH的变化特征,探明材料大小、氨水质量分数对稻草厌氧发酵反应速率和产气率的影响。结果表明:稻草厌氧发酵可分为初期、中期和后期3个阶段。发酵料液pH在发酵初期呈下降趋势,在发酵中期和后期基本稳定在6.5～7.0。氨水湿磨处理不仅减小了稻草的材料尺寸,而且能松弛组织结构、提高碳氮比。采用质量分数为0.2%的氨水对稻草进行湿磨处理后,平均产气速率和产气率分别从剪切稻草的7 mL/(g.d)、216 mL/g增加到14 mL/(g.d)、378 mL/g。An integrated wet-milling and ammonia pretreatment was proposed to improve the efficiency of anaerobic fermentation of rice straw. The rice straws pretreated by cutting, grinding and wet-milling were subjected to single-phase anaerobic fermentation to investigate the characteristics of reaction rate and pH of fermentation feedliquor, and effects of particle size and ammonia concentration on reaction rate and gas yield. The experimental results showed that the anaerobic fermentation of rice straw could be divided as early, middle and late steps. The pH of fermentation feedliquor decreased in the early step and was 6. 5 -7.0 in the middle and late steps. Particle size and ammonia concentration had significant effects on the reaction rate and the gas yield. The average gas production rate and the gas yield were 7 mL/（ g. d） and 216 mL/g for the cut rice straw. The average gas production rate was increased to 14 mL/（g-d） , and the gas yield was increased to 378 mL/g by the wet-milling with 0. 2% ammonia.

关 键 词：厌氧发酵 预处理 稻草 湿磨 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]