二元混合污染物对明亮发光杆菌的联合毒性  

Joint toxicity of binary mixed pollutants to luminescent bacteria

作　　者：吴淑杭[1] 周德平[1] 徐亚同[2] 姜震方[1] 褚长彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所,上海201106 [2]华东师范大学环境科学系,上海200063

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2011年第3期16-20,共5页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：国家"863"计划(2007AA06Z344)项目;上海市重大科技攻关项目(08dz1900402)资助

摘　　要：采用二次二因子回归通用旋转组合试验设计,以明亮发光杆菌(Photobacterium phosphoreum)T_3变种作为毒性测试物种,研究了甲氨基阿维菌素+阿维菌素、Hg^(2+)Pb^(2+)和多菌灵+Hg^(2+)等农业源污染物二元混合的联合毒性作用和主因子作用,建立了3个相应的数学模型。结果表明:甲氨基阿维菌素、阿维菌素、多菌灵、Hg^(2+)和Pb^(2+)等5种农业污染物对明亮发光杆菌的毒性有显著的正效应。3个二元污染混合物对发光细菌的联合毒性作用不同,总体上甲氨基阿维菌素与阿维菌素以相加作用为主,Hg^(2+)与Pb^(2+)以协同作用为主,而多菌灵与Hg^(2+)以拮抗作用为主。从单因子作用效应的角度看,混合物中污染物对发光细菌的毒性为:阿维菌素>甲氨基阿维菌素,Hg^(2+)>Pb^(2+),Hg^(2+)>多菌灵。The joint toxicities of binary mixed pollutants（Emamectin ＋ Avermectin,Hg^（2＋）＋ Pb^（2＋） and Carbendazim＋Hg^（2＋）） to the luminescent bacteria Photobacterium phosphoreum T_3 and their major factors were investigated by bivariate quadratic regression and general rotational combination design, and three corresponding mathematic models were established.The results showed that the toxicity of Emamectin,Avermectin,Carbendazim,Hg^（2＋） and Pb^（2＋） to the luminescent bacteria had a significant positive effect.The joint toxicities of the 3 binary mixed pollutants to the luminescent bacteria were different,and generally speaking,there was mainly a additive action between Emamectin and Avermectin,a synergistic action between Hg^（2＋） and Pb^（2＋）,and a antagonistic action between Carbendazim and Hg^（2＋）.In terms of monofactorial toxic effect on the luminescent bacteria in a binary mixed pollutant,Avermectin outweighed Emamectin,and Hg^（2＋） outweighed Pb^（2＋） and Carbendazim.

关 键 词：发光细菌 农药 重金属 联合毒性 快速检测技术 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]