广州大气总悬浮颗粒物中可提取有机物的分布及源析  

Source determination and characterization of extractable organic compounds in the total suspended particles(TSP) of Guangzhou,China

作　　者：唐小玲[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学化学与环境工程学院,山东青岛266510 [2]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室,广东省环境资源利用与保护重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2011年第10期1592-1599,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX3-SW-121);国家自然科学基金资助项目(40343006)

摘　　要：采用N,O-双(三甲基硅烷基)三氟乙酰胺(BSTFA)衍生化预处理和GC/MS分析技术,于2002～2003年对广州市大气气溶胶中的有机化合物进行了定量检测.结果表明,在广州市TSP样品中有机物的种类共分为9大类:烷烃、多环芳烃、酯类、正烷醇、酚类、酸类、甾类、二萜类、糖类化合物.在总定性有机化合物中,酸类(24.65%～40.38%)化合物的百分含量最高,其次为糖类(15.57%～36.18%).全年样品中最丰富的脂肪酸为正十六酸、正十八酸,高碳数脂肪酸(>C20)含量最高的酸是正二十四酸.广州市二元羧酸的浓度以冬季最高,气象条件(风向、雨水和逆温)是影响二元羧酸浓度变化的主要因素.利用分子标志物可以讨论源解析和源贡献,化石燃料对有机质的贡献率最高(平均值为64.28%),其次为植物蜡脂质(平均值为10.99%)和生物质燃烧(平均值为8.58%).The total extracts of the total suspended particles（TSP）,collected in Guangzhou from 2002 to 2003,were derivatized with N,O-bis-（trimethylsilyl）trifluoroacetamide（BSTFA） and then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC/MS）.The aerosols contained alkanes,PAHs,esters,n-alkanols,phenols,acids,steroids,lignin products and saccharides.Acids constituted the highest organic component（24.65% to 40.38%） among the total identified organic compounds（TOCs） excluding the unresolved complex mixture（UCM）.This was followed by saccharides（15.57% to 36.18%）.The predominant fatty acids in all samples were C16：0 and C18：0,whereas the predominant long-chain fatty acid（20） was C24：0.The highest dicarboxylic acid concentration was obtained in winter,with meteorological conditions,such as wind direction,rainwater,and inversion layers,strongly influencing the seasonal variability.The contribution of different emission sources based on the organic compound tracers were then modeled and apportioned.The contribution of emissions from fossil fuel utilization to the total compound mass（TCM： TOC ＋ UCM） accounted for 64.28% on seasonal average.Plant wax lipids contributed 10.99 % of TCM on seasonal average,whereas emissions from the burning of biomass smoke accounted for 8.58% of TCM on seasonal average.

关 键 词：广州 总悬浮颗粒物(TsP) 有机物 源解析 

分 类 号：X131.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]