云南松茸产区出菇及其气象因子分析  

Fruiting Pattern of Tricholoma matsutake and Its Relationship with Meteorological Factors in Yunnan,China

作　　者：陈光丽[1,2] 周德群[1] 杨永平[2] 杨雪飞[2] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学,云南昆明650093 [2]中国科学院昆明植物研究所资源植物与生物技术重点实验室,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《植物分类与资源学报》2011年第5期547-555,共9页Plant Diversity

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(30800158)

摘　　要：在云南松茸产区楚雄州、保山市、迪庆州各设置一个固定样方监测点,观察和监测松茸出菇情况,并在样方内设置自动气象观测仪监测和记录气象因子及其变化。通过监测数据发现三个监测点的出菇开始时间和出菇高峰存在差异。其中迪庆州叶日监测点的出菇时间早且相对集中,呈现1个集中爆发式的出菇高峰;而保山市海棠和楚雄州芹菜塘两个监测点的情况基本一致,即出菇时间相对较晚但周期长,有3个出菇小高峰。松茸子实体的菌盖、菌柄和高度与生长天数各自存在一定的非线性函数关系。通过对比分析三个研究点的气象因子差异,及其对出菇和子实体生长的影响发现:三点间出菇前和出菇日的温度基本一致,高温缩短子实体的存活时间,土壤温度可能是影响出菇的关键因素。In Chuxiong Prefecture, Baoshan City and Diqing Prefecture of Southwest China＇s Yannan Province, three study sites were selected and designated to observe and monitor the fruiting pattern of Tricholoma matsutake, and at the same time record the associated meteorological factors such as temperature, precipitation, humidity and soil temperature by installing wireless Vantage Pro 2 weather stations. It was found that the starting dates and peaks of fruiting varied across the study sites. In Yeri Village of Diqing Prefecture, the fruiting started earlier and showed a single condensed peak. In Haitang Village of Baoshan City and Qingeaitang village of Chuxiong Prefecture, however, the fruiting was scattered over a longer period of time and presented 3 fruiting peaks. The growth function （ the pileus diameter, stipe diameter and height） of the fruiting bodies followed nonlinear regression models respectively. By analyzing the differences of the meteorological factors in three study sites and the effects of meteorological factors on matsutake fruiting and growth, it was found that high temperatures shortened the survival duration of the fruiting bodies whereas in contrast, the opposite effect was found for humidity. Furthermore, soil temperature may be the most important factor for fruiting initiation.

关 键 词：松茸 生长模型 空间分布 温度 湿度 出菇高峰 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]