抗阻训练对老年人肌肉力量影响的元分析  

Meta analysis of the effects of resistance training on the muscle strength of the elderly

作　　者：王光平[1] 张开发[2] 

机构地区：[1]绵阳师范学院体育与健康教育学院运动医学教研室,四川绵阳621000 [2]绵阳师范学院校医院,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《体育学刊》2011年第5期132-138,共7页Journal of Physical Education

摘　　要：评价抗阻训练对改善老年人肌肉力量的效果，为抗阻训练处方的制定提供依据，以MEDLINE和PUBMED为文献主要来源，搜索1990—2010年间公开发表的抗阻训练对老年人肌肉力量影响的相关文献，根据纳入标准和排除标准选择合适的文献，对其进行质量评估和相关数据提取。结果对30篇文献进行元分析后发现，抗阻训练后，老年人腿部伸肌群最大力量加权均数差为6．78k2，95％可信区间为5．92～7．64k，平均最大力量增加了24．2％；腿部屈肌群最大力量加权均数差为1．03kg，95％可信区间为0．93～1．14kg，平均最大力量增加了20．3％。卧推最大力量加权均数差为11．52kg，95％可信区间为10．74～12．29埏，平均增加了26．9％。说明抗阻训练是能有效改善老年人增龄性肌肉力量减退的干预手段；大强度的抗阻训练较中等强度或小强度的抗阻训练更能有效增强老年人肌肉力量。In order to evaluate the effects of resistance training on improving the muscle strength of the elderly, and to provide a criterion for establishing resistance training prescriptions, by basing their important literature sources on MEDLINE and PUBMED, searching literatures in relation to the effects of resistance training on the muscle strength of the elderly, published between 1990 and 2010, and selecting suitable literatures according to inclusion and exclusion standards, the authors evaluated their quality and extracted related data, and revealed the following findings after having performed a meta analysis on 30 literatures： after resistance training, the weighted mean difference of the maximum strength of the leg extensor group of the elderly was 6.78kg, the 95% credibility interval was 5.92-7.64 kg, the mean maximum strength increased by 24.2%; the weighted mean difference of the maximum strength of the leg flexor group was 1.03kg, the 95% credibility interval was 0.93-1.14 kg, the mean maximum strength increased by 20.3%; the weighted mean difference of the maximum strength of supine pushup was 11.52 kg, the 95% credibility interval was 10.74-12.29 kg, the mean maximum strength increased by 26.9%. The said findings indicated that resistance training is a means of intervention which can effectively improve the age-growth specific deterioration of the muscle strength of the elderly, and that high intensity resistance training can more effec- tively enhance the muscle strength of the elderly as compared with medium or low intensity resistance training.

关 键 词：运动医学 抗阻训练 肌肉力量 老年人 元分析 

分 类 号：G804.5[文化科学—运动人体科学]