基于生态绿当量的城市土地利用结构优化——以宁国市为例  

Optimization of urban land structure based on ecological green equivalent:a case study in Ningguo City,China

作　　者：赵丹[1] 李锋[1] 王如松[1] 

机构地区：[1]城市与区域生态国家重点实验室中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第20期6242-6250,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(70803050;30970507);国家自然科学基金重点项目(71033005);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划课题(2009BADC2B03;2007BAC28B04;2008BAJ10B05)

摘　　要：基于生态绿当量的概念,探讨了城市生态用地合理性的生态标准,构建了土地利用结构优化模型。并在此基础上,以安徽省宁国市为例对该研究区不同空间范围下生态用地的结构及其优化方法进行实例分析。分析结果表明:宁国市域和城乡结合部均达到最佳绿地覆盖率的要求,而城区综合绿当量仅为0.66,需要进行用地调整。市域、城乡结合部和城区3个空间范围下的绿容率(GPR)分别为:4.89、4.22和2.77,可见城区绿化结构简单,树种单一,乔木和水体景观缺乏。同时,城区人口密集,但绿地生态系统服务功能较低,人均绿地率(ELP)仅为41.7 hm2/人。由此提出宁国市城区土地利用结构的优化调整方案,通过整个城市中心增绿、外围拓展;路林结合,蓝、绿交融,城乡一体,构筑内外环抱的多功能、多效益、完整的城市发展生态网架,保障城市长远的生态安全,促进良好的城市生态环境的形成。Urban land is a social-economic-natural complex ecosystem,with physical,ecological,social and economic attributes.It is the carrier of human socio-economic activities,and the basis to provide the ecological services.Urban land for ecosystem services is the minimum space to guarantee the basic ecosystem services,which play an important role to protect the socio-economic sustainable development of the city and the quality of residents′ life.It is not only related with the geographical location,types of natural resources,climate,soil,geology and other natural conditions of the city,but also depended on the urban development level,development orientation and the life quality demands of urban citizens.The construction of urban land for ecosystem services is the basis for urban sustainable development and the natural and artificial ecological unit of the city.Based on the idea of ecological green equivalent,this paper explored the ecological standard to judge if the urban ecological land was reasonable,and established a mathematic model of ecological optimization of land use structure. The land use structure was applied and verified with Ningguo city in Anhui Province as a case.The nature landscape structure of Ningguo is composed of a number of mountains and waters.Based on ecological green equivalent,this article evaluated the current status of natural ecosystems′ structure in different space scale.The results showed that green equivalent of region,urban-rural fringe and downtown in Ningguo city were 1.51,1.19 and 0.66,respectively;green plot ratio were 4.89,4.22 and 2.77,respectively,respectively and ecological land per capita were 4898.9,563.3 and 41.7 hm2 per capita,respectively.Lacking of green space in the downtown stressed the ecosystem services of urban land.Therefore,urban land for ecosystem services will be planned from different space scales,including the construction of buffer zone in the city and regional area,eco-city construction of main urban areas,the ecological restoration and multifunctional des

关 键 词：生态用地 生态系统服务 绿当量 城市 

分 类 号：X2[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F301[经济管理—产业经济]