单节干电池供电的滴灌控制器的设计与试验  

Design and experiment for drip irrigation controller powered by single battery

作　　者：洪添胜[1] 冯瑞珏[1] 李加念[1] 叶智杰[1] 卢加纳[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学工程学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2011年第5期455-460,共6页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助项目(200903023);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目(农科教发[2011]3号)

摘　　要：为提高无电力设施果园的滴灌管理效率,设计了一款可用单节干电池供电的滴灌定时自动控制器.控制器主要由MSP430F2132单片机、电源升压电路、人机交互单元、双稳态脉冲电磁阀及其驱动电路组成.在0.9～1.8 V输入电压范围内测试了控制器的静态电流和电磁阀动作时的工作电流,结果表明:静态电流随着输入电压的减小而增大,其范围为20.0～46.6μA;控制器驱动电磁阀开关动作时所消耗的电流随电压的升高而升高,其范围为200～413 mA,而且电磁阀在开启时所消耗的电流略大于关闭时.分别以单节型号为劲量L91的1.5 V AA电池、2节同型号的电池并联作为电源供电,使控制器每休眠5 s驱动电磁阀开关动作一次,测试了电池的使用寿命,结果表明:能驱动电磁阀的最低电压为0.9 V;单节电池持续供电30 h,共驱动电磁阀开关动作11 160次;两节电池并联可用46 h,共动作16 740次.根据试验结果估算出,一节额定容量为3 000 mA.h的1.5 V电池可使滴灌控制器工作3 a以上.In order to improve the drip-irrigating management efficiency in orchard without access to electric power,a low-cost auto-timer drip irrigation controller powered by a single battery has been developed.The controller is composed of a MSP430F2132 microcontroller,a power boost circuit,a human-computer interaction unit,a bi-stable pulse solenoid valve and a driving circuit.The quiescent current of the controller was measured with the input voltage between 0.9 V and 1.8 V,and the result showed that the quiescent current increased as the input voltage decreased,increasing from 20 μA to 46.6 μA.When the controller switched the valve on and off the consumption of current increased as the voltage increased,ranging from 200 mA to 413 mA.At the same time the current of the on-valve state was slightly larger than the off-valve state.The testing was done in two phases with the controller programmed to drive the valve on and off alternately at each 5-second standby time in both phases.In the first phase it was powered by a L91 1.5 V lithium battery and the result showed that the minimum battery voltage driving the valve was 0.9 V and a single battery could last for 30 h and drive the valve 11 160 times during the period.In the second phase it was powered by two parallel connected L91 batteries and the tests showed that the controller could drive the valve 16 740 times that is a longer time of 46 hours consecutive hours.Accordingly,it was estimated that a 1.5 V,3 000 mA·h on battery can adequately power the controller for at least 3 years.

关 键 词：滴灌控制器 低功耗 电池 电磁阀 自动控制 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]