两种溶剂萃取棉籽油和棉籽粕的质量比较  

Comparison of the quality of cottonseed oil and cottonseed meal extracted by two solvents

作　　者：马传国[1] 程亚芳[2] 董学工 王向坡[1] 仝莹莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学粮油食品学院,郑州450052 [2]郑州机械研究所,郑州450001 [3]甘肃省景电管理局灌溉处,甘肃景泰730400

出　　处：《中国油脂》2011年第10期7-11,共5页China Oils and Fats

摘　　要：利用正己烷和异丙醇作溶剂,分别萃取棉籽仁得到棉籽油和棉籽粕。对棉籽油的理化指标进行测定,结果表明两种不同溶剂萃取得到的棉籽油在理化指标上存在一定的差异。分析所得棉籽粕的蛋白含量和功能特性,结果表明正己烷萃取的棉籽粕中粗蛋白含量和水溶性蛋白含量均低于异丙醇萃取的棉籽粕;正己烷萃取的棉籽粕吸油性、泡沫稳定性小于异丙醇萃取的棉籽粕,但是吸水性、乳化性、乳化稳定性和起泡性却高于异丙醇萃取的棉籽粕。分析游离棉酚含量时,发现异丙醇萃取的棉籽油中游离棉酚(FGP)含量高于正己烷萃取的棉籽油。用异丙醇萃取的棉籽粕中FGP含量在国家标准规定的安全使用限量范围内,用作饲料时不需再增加脱毒工艺。The cottonseed oil and meal were obtained from the cottonseed kernel by extraction with n - hexane and isopropanol respectively. The physicochemical properties of cottonseed oil were determined, and the result showed that there were some differences in physicochemical properties between the cottonseed oil extracted by two solvents. The protein content and functional properties of the cottonseed meal were analyzed, and the crude protein content and water soluble protein content of cottonseed meal extrac- ted by n - hexane were lower than that by isopropanol. The oil absorption, foam stability of the cottonseed meal extracted by n -hexane were less than that by isopropanol, while the water absorption, emulsifying capacity, emulsion stability and foaming capacity of the former＇s were higher than that of the latter＇s. The free ane. safe Key gossypol （FGP） content in cottonseed oil extracted by the isopropanol was higher than that by n - hexane. The FGP content of cottonseed meal extracted by isopropanol met the national standard of the limited use, and it was not necessary to add the detoxification process when used as the feedstuff.

关 键 词：正己烷 异丙醇 萃取 棉籽油 棉籽粕 质量 

分 类 号：TS224.4[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] TQ644.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]