Sustainability Assessment and Land Use Optimization of Oasis Agro-economic System Based on Emergy Analysis  

基于能值分析的新疆阜康市绿洲系统可持续性分析(英文)

作　　者：张雯[1,2,3] 李秀彬[1] 王秀红[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]中国民航机场建设集团公司科研基地,北京100101

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2011年第3期241-249,共9页资源与生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：National Basic Research Program of China(2009CB421307);National Natural Science Foundation of China(40971282)

摘　　要：Oases are important habitats for human survival and development in northwest arid China;however, they are fragile. To realize ecological construction and sustainable development in northwest China, an analysis of the economic and ecological benefits of the oasis system with a focus on sustainability and land use optimization of oasis agro-economic systems are needed. This paper selects Fukang City as a study area. It is located on the northern slope of Mt Tianshan, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The authors discuss the ecological and economic benefits of the oasis system, annual variation and establish an optimized allocation scheme of oasis land use structure in Fukang City based on emergy analysis and linear programming modeling. From 1996 to 2006 the oasis system was in a weak sustainable development state. Ecological and economic benefits analysis of the oasis system based on emergy analysis shows that the development of an oasis system in Fukang City is restricted by land, climate and water resources, being a typical example of the high-input and low-output type. The comparative advantage analysis of oasis cropping based on economics and ecological economics shows that the farming structure will vary across different goals. If the maximum ecological efficiency is pursued, farming structure is determined by emergy density;and if the maximum ecological and economic benefits with limited water resources are pursued, farming structure is determined by the emergy value per unit area of irrigation.绿洲是我国西北干旱区人类赖以生存和发展的栖息地,其生态环境脆弱。因此,对绿洲系统经济生态效益的定量评估与分析是我国西北地区生态建设和可持续发展急需解决的现实问题。本文以天山北麓的新疆维吾尔自治区阜康市为例,深入探讨了绿洲系统的生态经济效益及其年际变化;并利用线性规划模型建立了基于能值分析的阜康市绿洲种植业结构优化配置方案。研究发现,阜康绿洲系统的发展受土地、气候和水资源等限制,属于典型的高投入、低产出模式。1996-2006年间,绿洲系统处于弱可持续发展状态。另外,通过生态经济学的绿洲作物结构比较优势分析发现:不同的生态经济目标,其种植业结构也随之变化。当追求生态经济效益最大化时,种植业结构由能值密度决定;当追求水资源限制下生态经济效益最大化时,种植业结构由单位灌溉水量的能值产出决定。

关 键 词：sustainability assessment land use optimization emergy analysis oasis system Fukang City 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F326.1[经济管理—产业经济]