法律规范与生活逻辑:失火民事赔偿责任衍进的本土叙事  

Legal Norms and Logic of Life: Compensation for Fire Victims in China

作　　者：蔡晓荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]福州大学法学院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《现代法学》2011年第5期13-23,共11页Modern Law Science

基　　金：教育部2010年度人文社会科学研究一般项目"民国时期民法学家群体与中国民法近代化"(10YJA820002);司法部2009年国家法治与法学理论研究项目"文本;判解与学说:中国近代侵权行为法研究"(09SFB3006)

摘　　要：在中国传统社会,对于失火之法律责任,国家法律通常只明确了刑事制裁而无民事赔偿的规定;在民间的习惯法层面,失火人亦往往不担赔偿之责。不过在中国近代大规模继受西方民法的进程中,这一固有法的常态性规范渐被外来的侵权行为规则所排斥。中国近代的侵权行为立法,最终确立了失火行为的民事赔偿责任,且不对过失程度作出任何限定。不过社会实证经验又同样证明,失火毋需赔偿之固有法规范虽被旁置,但内嵌其中的社会文化性内容则在一定程度上被积淀下来,并以一种生活逻辑的形式潜移默化地影响着人们的思维,支配着人们的行为方式。In China, traditionally the state law did not, apart from penalty imposed upon the criminal, provide any compensation for the fire accident victim and even in the customary law the person who accidently caused the fire was not liable for compensation either. However, with massive introduction of foreign civil laws in modern times, the aforesaid norms were gradually superseded by foreign tort rules and civil compensation for fire victims was finally established in the tort legislation no matter what the extent of negligence might be. Nevertheless, social empirical experience has proved that though traditional norms are abandoned, the remnants of social and cultural accumulations still exist which will, in a form of life logic, influence people＇ s ideology and manipulate their behaviors.

关 键 词：失火 民事赔偿责任 固有法 外来规则 生活逻辑 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]