不同年龄精神分裂症患者的工作记忆  

Working memory change with age in patients with schizophrenia

作　　者：王宁[1] 杨甫德[1] 李艳丽[1] 谭云龙[1] 朱凤艳[1] 谭淑平[1] 邹义壮[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京回龙观医院,北京100096

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2011年第10期760-764,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：北京市科委2010年科技计划课题(D101107047810005);北京市优秀人才基金(2007id0301400101);北京市自然科学基金(7102086)

摘　　要：目的:探讨不同年龄精神分裂症患者的工作记忆差异,以及工作记忆与精神分裂症患者临床症状的关系。方法:采用横断面研究方法,用数字广度和空间广度测验分别对124例健康被试和123例符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计学手册第四版(DSM-Ⅳ)中精神分裂症诊断标准的住院患者进行工作记忆评估,采用阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)对患者进行临床症状评定。结果:除数字广度逆序分外,精神分裂症组数字广度和空间广度测验其余各项成绩均低于正常对照组(均P<0.05)。精神分裂症组和正常对照组的数字广度总分、正序分、逆序分均与年龄呈负相关(r=-0.21～-0.37,均P<0.05)。将两组按照年龄分为高年龄组和低年龄组进行协方差分析,数字广度和空间广度测验均表现出显著的组别和年龄效应(均P<0.05),但组别和年龄无交互作用(均P>0.05)。在精神分裂症组中,数字广度总分和数字广度逆序分与PANSS总分负相关(r=-0.22,-0.24,均P<0.05);数字广度总分、正序分、逆序分、空间广度总分、逆序分与阴性症状负相关(r=-0.22～-0.26,均P<0.05)。结论:本研究提示同正常人一样,精神分裂症患者的言语工作记忆随年龄增长逐渐下降,但这种下降并无疾病特异性,患者工作记忆水平的下降与阴性症状存在一定负相关。Objective： To explore the working memory changing with age and correlations between clinical symptoms and working memory in patients with schizophrenia. Methods： Working memory were measured using digit span test and space span test in 123 inpatients with schizophrenia who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition （DSM-IV） criteria and 124 normal controls. The clinical symptoms in patients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale in schizophrenia. Results： Except backward score [ （5.2 ± 2.5） vs. （5.8± 2.4）, P 〉 0. 05 ], both composite score [ （ 15. 8 ±4. 3） vs. （ 17. 2 ± 4.3）, P 〈 0. 05 ], for- ward score [ （ 10. 6 ± 2.5） vs. （ 11.3 ± 2.5）, P 〈 0.05] of digit span and composite score [ （ 12. 0 ± 4.4） vs. （ 14. 5 ±3.9）, P 〈0.01], forward score [（6. 3±2.1） vs. （7.2±2.2）, P 〈0.01], backward score [（6. 2 ±2.4） vs. （7.6 ± 1.9）, P 〈 0. 01 ] of space span in patients with schizophrenia were significant worse than that of controls. The composite score, forward score and backward score of digit span test were significant negatively related with age both in patients and in normals （r = - 0. 21 -0. 37, Ps 〈 0. 05）. To test the interactive effects between age and group on working memory, both patients and normal controls were divided into two subgoups with older （ 〉 45 years） and younger （ ≤45 years） subgroup respectively. There were age and group main effects both on digit span performance and space span performance（ P 〈 0. 05）, but no interactive effects were revealed between age and group （ P 〉 0.05）. There were significant negative correlations between composite score, backward score of digit span test and PANSS total score in patients with schizophrenia （ r = - 0. 22, - 0. 24, Ps 〈 0. 05）. The composite score, forward score, backward score of digit span test and composite score, backward score of space span test were signifi- cant negatively related

关 键 词：精神分裂症 工作记忆 年龄 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R749.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] B842.3[医药卫生—临床医学]