白菜、豆角对大鼠甲状腺的影响  

EFFECT OF CABBAGE AND BEANS ON THE THYROID IN RAT

作　　者：成瑶[1] 张格祥[1] 熊飞[1] 王玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学公共卫生学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《营养学报》2011年第5期514-517,共4页Acta Nutrimenta Sinica

基　　金：兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(No.lzujbky-2009-90);兰州大学国家大学生创新性实验计划项目(No.860012)

摘　　要：目的研究富硫氰酸盐(白菜)、类黄酮类(豆角)榨汁液对大鼠甲状腺的影响及其机制。方法 Wistar大鼠60只,随机分为对照组(NG),白菜汁组(CG),豆角汁组(BG),豆角汁+白菜汁低(LG),中(MG),高(HG)剂量6组,豆角汁与白菜汁为等体积混合,分别按1ml/100g bw给予大鼠0.9%生理盐水,CG汁3.16g/ml,BG汁3.16 g/ml,LG混合汁1.0 g/ml,MG混合汁3.16 g/ml,HG混合汁9.9 g/ml,喂养30 d,采血并摘取甲状腺,观察榨汁液对甲状腺结构与功能的影响。结果单一豆角组(BG)、联合高剂量组(HG)大鼠甲状腺脏器系数与正常对照组(NG)比较显著增加(P<0.05,P<0.01),其它组影响不明显。一般病理切片各组均未见明显甲状腺肿,但白菜组(CG)、豆角组(BG)、联合高剂量组(HG)与正常对照组(NG)比较可观察到细胞间结缔组织增生,HG较CG、BG增生更为明显;透射电镜下联合各剂量组与BG、CG比较,可观察到粗面内质网脱颗粒、线粒体嵴消失现象,个别细胞高尔基复合体不规则,而与NG比较,各组上述变化均较明显。同时发现游离甲状腺素(FT4)在BG、HG组水平均低于NG(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论人群日常硫氰酸盐、类黄酮类食物摄食剂量对甲状腺有一定影响,且随着摄食剂量增加或/和外源性补充富含硫氰酸盐、类黄酮类物质,其致甲状腺肿的损伤作用更加明显。提示潜在甲状腺病史人群(遗传性、家族性,碘缺乏地区等)应控制摄入富含硫氰酸盐、类黄酮类食物。Objective To study the juice of thiocyanate rich cabbage and flavonoids rich beans on effect of the thyroid in rat and its mechanism.Method Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups,including control group（NG）,cabbage group（CG）,beans group（BG）,mixed low-dose group（LG）,middle-dose group（MG）,high-dose group（HG）. The mixed juice was prepared from the same volume of cabbage and bean juice.1 ml/100 kg bw of 0.9% physiological saline,CG juice 3.16 g/ml,BG juice 3.16 g/ml,LG mixed juice 1.0 g/ml,MG mixed juice 3.16 g/ml,and HG mixed juice 9.98 g/ml.were given to rats respectively.After 30 d feeding,blood and thyroid were taken for examining the structure and function.Results Compared with NG,the thyroid index in BG and HG was significantly increased（P0.05,P0.01）,but no obvious effect in other groups.General pathological examination showed no goiter in each group,but compared with NG,connective tissue proliferation between cells could be observed in CG,BG and HG.Hyperplasia was more evident in HG than in CG or BG.Under transmission electron microscopy,every mixed dose group showed that the particles of rough endoplasmic reticulum fell off,the mitochondrial cristae disappeared and Golgi complex in individual cells was irregular as compared to BG or CG.However,these changes were more significant as compared with NG.Free thyroxine（FT4） in BG,HG was lower than that in NG（P0.05,P0.01）.Conclusion Daily intake of food rich in thiocyanate or flavonoids had obvious effects on thyroid.With the increase of food intake or/ and exogenous supplement of thiocyanate or flavonoids the damage of goiter would be more obvious.So the intake of thiocyanate and flavonoids rich food should be controlled in the people with potential history of thyroid diseases（genetic,familial,iodine deficiency areas,etc.）.

关 键 词：甲状腺 大鼠 硫氰酸盐食物 类黄酮类食物 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]