灌浆期不同阶段遮光对小麦籽粒蛋白质组分含量和加工品质的影响  

Effects of shading at different phases of grain-filling on wheat grain protein components contents and processing quality

作　　者：石玉[1] 陈茂学[2] 于振文[1] 许振柱[3] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农业部作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]山东农业大学信息科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018 [3]中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室,北京100093

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2011年第10期2504-2510,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30871478);农业部现代小麦产业技术体系项目(nycytx-03)资助

摘　　要：选用强筋小麦济麦20、中筋小麦泰山23和弱筋小麦宁麦9号3个小麦品种,设置了灌浆期不同阶段遮光处理:开花后不遮光(S0)、0～11d遮光(S1)、12～23d遮光(S2)、24～35d遮光(S3),研究了其对不同小麦品种籽粒蛋白质组分含量和加工品质的影响.结果表明:3个小麦品种的籽粒清蛋白+球蛋白含量遮光处理间无显著差异;遮光均显著提高了济麦20和泰山23的高分子量谷蛋白亚基、低分子量谷蛋白亚基、谷蛋白、醇溶蛋白和总蛋白含量,其中灌浆中期遮光(S2)处理提高幅度高于其他处理;灌浆中期(S2)和后期(S3)遮光处理显著提高了宁麦9号各蛋白质组分含量.遮光显著降低了小麦籽粒产量,提高了籽粒面团形成时间、面团稳定时间和沉降值,其中灌浆中期遮光处理更为显著,表明籽粒品质的形成与灌浆中期的光照条件更为密切.总体上灌浆期遮光对3个小麦品种籽粒产量、蛋白质组分含量及加工品质指标的调节幅度为济麦20>泰山23>宁麦9号.Taking three wheat cultivars Jimai 20 （strong gluten）, Taishan 23 （medium gluten）, and Ningmai 9 （weak gluten） as test materials, a field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of shading at different phases of grain-filling on the grain protein components contents and processing quality. Four treatments were installed, i.e., no shading （S0）, shading at early grain-filling phase （from 0 day after anthesis （DAA） to 11 DAA; S1）, shading at medium grain-filling phase （from 12 DAA to 23 DAA; S2）, and shading at late grain-filling phase （from 24 DAA to 35 DAA; S3）. No significant differences were observed in the grain albumin＋globulin contents of the three cultivars among the four treatments. Shading increased the grain HMW-GS, LMW-GS, gluten, glutenin, and total protein contents of Jimai 20 and Taishan 23 significantly, and the increments were higher in treatment S2 than in other shading treatments. Treatments S2 and S3 increased the grain protein components contents of Ningmai 9 significantly. Comparing with the control, shading decreased the grain yield significantly, but increased the dough development time, dough stability time, and sedimentation volume, especially for treatment S2, which suggested that the wheat grain quality had a close relationship with the light intensity at medium phase of grain-filling. Overall, the regulation effect of shading at grain-filling stage on the wheat grain yield, grain protein components contents, and indices values of grain processing quality for the test cultivars was in the order of Jimai 20 〉Taishan 23〉 Ningmai 9.

关 键 词：小麦 遮光 蛋白质组分 加工品质 灌浆 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]