珠江口伶仃洋海域小型底栖生物丰度和生物量  

Abundance and biomass of meiobenthos in Lingdingyang Bay of Pearl River Estuary

作　　者：张敬怀[1] 高阳[1] 方宏达[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局南海环境监测中心,广州510300

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2011年第10期2741-2748,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：我国近海海洋综合调查与评价专项(908-STO7;908-ZC-Ⅰ-02;GD-908-02-01);国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室开放基金项目(200809);国家海洋局南海分局局长基金项目(0883)资助

摘　　要：分别于2006年7—8月(夏)、2007年4月(春)和10月(秋)对珠江口伶仃洋附近海域小型底栖生物丰度和生物量进行调查.3个航次共鉴定小型底栖生物类群15类,包括线虫、桡足类、多毛类、介形类、动吻动物、端足类、颚咽动物、涟虫、纽虫、腹足类、双壳类、星虫、螠虫、原足类和其他未鉴定种类;春、夏、秋3个航次小型底栖生物丰度分别为(272.1±281.9)、(165.1±147.1)和(246.4±369.3)ind·10cm-2,线虫为主要优势类群,分别占小型底栖生物总丰度的86.8%、83.5%和93.4%.小型底栖生物丰度垂直分布不均匀,分布于沉积物0～2cm、2～5cm、5～10cm的数量比例分别为54.1%、35.2%和10.8%,线虫分布于沉积物0～5cm数量比例为87.4%;春、夏、秋3个航次小型底栖生物生物量分别为(374.6±346.9)、(274.1±352.2)和(270.8±396.0)μg·10cm-2,多毛类平均生物量最高,分别占小型底栖生物总生物量的30.1%、46.7%和46.0%,其次为线虫(25.2%、20.1%和34.0%)和介形类(20.6%、15.3%和14.8%).伶仃洋小型底栖生物丰度平面分布呈现从北向南升高、东部高于西部的趋势.伶仃洋小型底栖生物丰度、生物量分布与水深呈显著正相关.An investigation was conducted on the meiobenthic abundance and biomass in the Lingdingyang Bay of Pearl River Estuary in July-August 2006 （summer）, April 2007 （spring）, and October 2007 （autumn）. A total of 15 meiobenthic groups were recorded, including Nematoda, Copepoda, Polychaeta, Ostracoda, Kinorhyncha, Amphipoda, Cumacea, Tanaidacea, Gnathostomulida, Nemertea, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Sipuncula, Echiura, and other unidentified taxa. The average abundance of the meiobenthos in spring, summer, and autumn was 272.1±281.9, 165.1±147.1 and 246.4±369.3 ind·10 cm-2, and Nematoda was the most dominant group in abundance, accounting for 86.8%, 83.5%, and 93.4% of the total, respectively, followed by Polychaeta, and benthic Copepoda. The meiobenthic abundance had an uneven vertical distribution. 54.1% of the meibenthos were in 0-2 cm sediments, 35.2% were in 2-5 cm sediments, and 10.8% were in 5-10 cm sediments. 87.4% of nematodes were distributed in 0-5 cm sediments. The average biomass of the meiobenthos in spring, summer, and autumn was 374.6±346.9, 274.1±352.2, and 270.8±396.0 μg·10 cm-2, and Polychaeta was the most dominant group in biomass, accounting for 30.1%, 46.7% and 46.0%, respectively, followed by Nematoda （25.2%, 20.1%, and 34.0%）, and Ostracoda （20.6%, 15.3%, and 14.8%）. The horizontal distribution of the meiobenthos had a trend of increasing from north to south, and being higher at east than at west. The meiobenthic abundance and biomass had significant positive correlations with water depth.

关 键 词：珠江口 伶仃洋 小型底栖生物 丰度 生物量 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]