转Chi+Glu双价基因棉对土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响  

Effects of Transgenic Chi+Glu Cotton on Functional Diversity of Soil Microbial Community

作　　者：魏锋[1] 朱荷琴[2] 肖蕊[1] 杨家荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学植保学院旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国农科院棉花研究所,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2011年第10期2081-2090,共10页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家转基因专项"转基因抗病棉花环境安全评价技术研究"(2009ZX08011-026B);高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(B07049)

摘　　要：为研究转Chi+Glu双价基因棉对土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响,揭示其对土壤生态系统的安全性,在大田试验条件下,利用Biolog代谢指纹方法分析了种植转Chi+Glu双价基因棉、转Bt基因棉和常规棉不同生育期土壤微生物群落功能多样性。结果表明,两个转基因棉花土壤微生物数量差异不显著,而转基因棉花土壤细菌和放线菌数量在花期和铃期显著高于常规棉花(P<0.05),真菌数量在花期和铃期却显著低于常规棉花(P<0.05)。与非转基因棉花相比,转基因棉花土壤微生物群落碳源利用能力在花期和铃期显著增加,转基因棉花土壤微生物群落的Shannon指数和McIntosh指数在花期、铃期和吐絮期显著高于常规棉花,Simpson指数在花期和铃期则显著低于常规棉花。主成分分析结果显示,花期转基因棉花和常规棉花对31种碳源的利用差异较大。转基因棉花在苗期和蕾期对羧酸类、氨基酸类和多胺类,花期和铃期对糖类、羧酸类和双亲化合物类的利用分别较常规棉高;吐絮期转基因和常规棉花对所有碳源的利用均较低,其中转基因棉花对糖类和羧酸类的利用高于常规棉花。研究结果显示,种植转Chi+Glu双价基因棉花在花期和铃期对土壤微生物群落影响显著,其与转Bt基因棉花无明显差异。Through studying effects of transgenic Chi＋Glu cotton on functional diversity of soil microbial community,we aimed to reveal the safety of transgenic cottons on the soil ecology environment.The functional diversity of soil microorganism community of transgenic Chi＋Glu cotton,transgenic Bt cotton and un-transgenic cotton in different growing stages were analyzed by Biolog Metabolic Fingerprinting method.Although there was no significant difference in the number of soil microorganism community between two transgenic cottons,the number of soil bacteria and actinomycetes of transgenic cotton were significantly higher than that of un-transgenic cotton in stages of flowering and boll-forming stages,while the number of soil fungi was significantly lower than un-transgenic cotton.Compared with un-transgenic cotton,transgenic cotton had less effects on the carbon source utilization ability,Shannon functional diversity index,Simpson index and McIntosh index of soil microbes at sowing,seeding,squaring and boll-opening stages,but increased the carbon source utilization ability,Shannon functional diversity index and McIntosh index at flowering and boll-forming stage significantly,while its Simpson index was significantly lower in the flowering and squaring stages.The principal component analysis showed that the 31 carbon sources utilized by the transgenic and un-transgenic cottons had significant difference in the flowering stage.In the squaring stages,the transgenic cotton had a higher utilization of carboxylic acids,amino acids and amines than that in un-transgenic cotton.It also indicated that in the boll-opening stage,the transgenic cotton had a higher utilization of carbohydrates and carboxylic than un-transgenic cotton and the two transgenic cottons had a low utilization of carbon sources.The result revealed that transgenic Chi＋Glu cotton had significant effects on the soil microorganism community in the flowering and boll-forming stages,while,had no significant difference with transgenic Bt cotton.

关 键 词：棉花 土壤微生物群落 BIOLOG 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S154.36[农业科学—土壤学]