甘肃保安族聚居区寄宿学生膳食营养状况  

Dietary nutritional status of boarding students in Baoan concentrated area in Gansu

作　　者：韩世强 余小龙[2] 张格祥[2] 马剑华[2] 成瑶[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省积石山东乡族保安族撒拉族自治县中西医结合医院(大河家卫生院),临夏731701 [2]兰州大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学研究所

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2011年第9期1036-1037,共2页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解保安族聚居区9～14岁寄宿学生膳食营养状况,为进一步改善学生营养状况提供参考。方法设计针对性的膳食调查表,以24 h膳食回顾法为主,结合记账法、称重法收集被调查对象连续3 d的膳食摄入情况,计算每位学生每日食物消耗的种类和数量,借助营养素分析软件进行营养评价。结果寄宿学生膳食结构以谷薯类食物为主,肉禽水产、奶类、豆类、蛋类食物摄入量偏低,蔬菜水果摄入总量尚可,但水果类比例很低;膳食钙、维生素A、维生素B2摄入普遍不足,各年龄组学生摄入量均未达到膳食营养素推荐摄入量(RNI)或适宜摄入量(AI);蛋白质及碳水化合物基本满足其营养需求;各年龄组男女生70%以上的能量均来自碳水化合物,脂肪供能偏低,三餐能量分配不合理。结论保安族聚居区寄宿学生膳食结构不合理。应强化寄宿制学校集中供餐工作者的营养均衡理念,调整膳食结构。Objective To survey dietary nutritional status among boarding students （ aged 9-14 ） in Baoan concentrated area, and to provide the reference for further improvement. Methods A dietary questionnaire was designed. The data about food intake in consecutive three days was collected using the methods of accounting, weighing and the 24-hour-dietary recall. Results The students diets were mainly corns and potato foods, the intake of livestock meat/aquatic products, milk, bean products and eggs were small, the intake of fruits and vegetables was acceptable, but the proportion of fruit was very small. Calcium, vitamin A and vitamin B2 were inadequate. Both boys＂ and girls＂ intake failed to meet RNI or AI. Protein and carbohydrates met their nutritional requirements. More than 70% of the boys＂ and girls＂ energy were from carbohydrates and less from adipose. Energy distribution of three meals was not reasonable. Conclusion The boarding students＂ dietary structure is not reasonable in Baoan concentrated area. It is necessary to strengthen nutritional health education in boarding schools and to balance the boarding students＂ dietary structure so as to improve the nutritional status.

关 键 词：膳食 营养状况 学生 少数民族 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R153[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]