多义词复合词语义变化的认知分析——Head的个案研究  

A Cognitive Approach to the Semantic Changes of Compounds with the Polysemous Word "Head" as a Case

作　　者：陈昌勇[1] 高蕾[2] 

机构地区：[1]杭州电子科技大学外国语学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]浙江传媒学院国际文化传播学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《宁波大学学报（人文科学版）》2011年第6期54-58,共5页Journal of Ningbo University：Liberal Arts Edition

基　　金：浙江省社科联课题(2009N27)

摘　　要：采用定量统计的方法,对多义词head构成的复合词的句法结构、词义关系、语义变化以及词素义的变异进行了考察,并从认知角度予以分析。研究发现:(1)在多义词head的复合词中,句法复合词和非句法复合词各占了将近一半的比例,而句法复合词基本上为偏正式结构;(2)多义词复合词的形成需要经历一个概念合成的过程,并形成语义变化,其变化类型主要包括:并义类、综义类和变义类;(3)head复合词绝大部分为双词素复合词,其中X+head型复合词大多为离心构式、变义类复合词,head+X型复合词大多为向心构式、并义类或综义类复合词;(4)多义词复合词的语义变化与人类的隐喻和转喻思维有关,转喻思维在组成head复合词的过程中发挥的作用要大于隐喻。On the basis of a quantitative analysis of 138 cases,this paper examines the syntactic and semantic structures,semantic changes and morphemic variations of bimorphemic compounds with the polysemous word ＂head＂ from the cognitive perspective.It is argued that： 1） of all the bimorphemic compounds with ＂head＂,nearly a half are respectively syntactic and asyntactic,and syntactic compounds are mainly of modifier-head construction;2） compounds with polysemous words undergo a process of conceptual integration,which results in semantic changes by means of merging,extension and variation;3） compounds with ＂head＂ are mostly bimorphemic,among which ccompounds with the structure ＂X ＋ head＂ are mainly exocentric and undergo semantic changes through variation while those with the structure ＂head ＋ X＂ are mostly endocentric experiencing semantic changes through merging or extension;4）the semantic changes resulting from conceptual integration are closely related to metaphorical and metonymic thinking and metonymic thinking plays a more important role.

关 键 词：多义词 HEAD 复合词 语义变化 认知 

分 类 号：H042[语言文字—语言学]