西藏古格王国遗址洞窟变形破坏模式、机制及加固对策  

Patterns and Mechanisms of Deformation and Failure and Strengthening Countermeasures of the Guge Kingdom Ruins Caverns in Tibet

作　　者：齐干[1] 杨国兴[2] 李兵[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京市地质研究所,北京100120 [2]中国人民解放军总装备部工程设计研究总院,北京100028

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（地球科学版）》2011年第5期1494-1503,共10页Journal of Jilin University：Earth Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新研究群体基金项目(50221402)

摘　　要：在现场调查统计、工程地质勘察和室内试验的基础上,分析了西藏古格王国遗址的工程地质条件和围岩特性。通过调查统计和理论分析,将开挖于遗址边坡内的洞窟的变形破坏模式分为洞顶破坏型、洞口破坏型、洞壁破坏型、洞底破坏型和人为破坏型等5大类11种型式,以洞顶破坏和洞壁破坏最为常见。进一步提出了引起其变形破坏的结构型、水理型、应力型和复合型4大类9种变形破坏机制,其中以节理型、水理型、水力型和工程偏应力型为主导。在此基础上,有针对性地提出了安全第一、文物保护、重点加固、防治并重和环境协调的加固原则。最后从洞窟加固治理、危岩体加固治理和环境整治3个方面提出了综合加固对策。The specific engineering geological conditions and surrounding rock characteristics of the Guge Kingdom ruins in Tibet are analyzed based on the field investigation,engineering geological exploration and laboratory experiment.The patterns of deformation and failure of caverns which were constructed in the ruins slope are classified into five major categories including eleven types such as roof destructive form,wall destructive form,entrance destructive form,floor destructive form and factitious destructive form,and the former two categories are the most common.Four major categories including nine types of mechanism causing to the deformation and failure of caverns are further put forward,mainly with structural pattern,water physical pattern,stress pattern and compound pattern,which the jointed type,water physical type,hydraulic type,and engineering deviatoric stress play a dominant role.Therefore,the strengthening principles of ＂safety first,cultural relics preservation,key strengthening,both prevention and treatment,environmental coordination＂ are brought forward pertinently.Finally,the integrated strengthening countermeasures are put forward in terms of cavern and dangerous rock mass strengthening and treatment and environmental improvement.

关 键 词：洞窟 工程地质 稳定性 变形破坏模式 变形破坏机制 加固对策 

分 类 号：P642[天文地球—工程地质学]