王家岭矿难获救矿工的急性应激反应  

Acute stress response among rescued miners in Wangjialing coal mine disaster

作　　者：胡晓东[1] 杜巧荣[1] 罗锦秀[1] 宋丽萍[1] 田峰[2] 曾嵘[3] 李素萍[1] 张红玲[1] 张克让[1] 杜永成[1] 高国顺[4] 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学第一医院精神卫生科,太原030001 [2]山西医科大学第二医院精神卫生科,太原030001 [3]山西省人民医院神经内科,太原030001 [4]山西省卫生厅,太原030001

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2011年第11期814-818,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：山西省科技攻关项目(20100312028)

摘　　要：目的:评估"3.28"王家岭矿难发生后获救矿工的急性应激反应(ASR)及相关因素。方法:以王家岭矿难中资料完整的81例获救矿工为研究对象,在矿工获救后2周内用斯坦福急性应激反应量表(SASRQ)评估ASR,同时对获救矿工进行社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、应付方式问卷(CSQ)及一般状况的评估。结果:81例被调查者中,SASRQ总分介于40～56分者占11.1%,57～150分者占16.0%;有分离症状者34.6%,有创伤再体验症状者38.3%,有回避症状者31.9%,有焦虑或醒觉性增高症状者46.9%。相关分析显示,SASRQ的回避分与烟龄呈负相关(r=-0.31,P<0.01),激惹分与既往创伤史呈正相关(r=0.28,P<0.05);SASRQ总分、SASRQ分量表分(除回避分量表分)与不成熟的应对方式呈正相关(r=0.23～0.31,P<0.05)。SASRQ总分和各分量表分均与最糟糕的天数、烦恼程度及CSQ的幻想分呈正相关(r=0.35～0.40,P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,烦恼程度(B=1.58,P<0.05)、最糟糕的天数(B=0.66,P<0.01)和应对方式幻想分(B=0.35,P<0.05)与SASRQ总分呈正相关。结论:王家岭矿难获救矿工在获救后的2周内存在明显的急性应激症状,烦恼程度越重、最糟糕的天数越长、应对方式幻想值越高则矿工发生急性应激相关障碍的可能性越大。Objective： To investigate the acute stress response （ASR） and the related factors among the rescued miners in a coal mine disaster. Methods： Eighty-one rescued miners in a coal mine disaster were as the subjects. They were assessed with the Acute Stress Response Questionnaire （SASRQ）, Social Support Scale, Coping Style Questionnaire and the general condition within two weeks after being rescued. Results： Among the 81 subjects, 11.1% had the SASRQ total scores of 40 - 56, 16% had scores ≥57, and 34. 6% suffered separation of symptoms, 38.3% suffered re-experience traumatic symptoms, 31.9% suffered avoidance symptoms, and 46.9% suffered symptoms of anxiety or increased awareness. Correlation analysis showed that SASRQ ＂avoidance＂ score had a negative correlation with smoking （r = -0. 31, P 〈 0. 01 ）, and ＂irritation＂ score had a positive correlation with past history of trauma （r =0. 28, P 〈0.05）. The SASRQ total score and subscale scores （except for ＂avoidance＂ subscale score） had positive correlations with CSQ scores of immature coping styles （r = 0. 23 -0. 31, P 〈 0. 05）. The SASRQ total score and subscale scores had significant positive correlations with the ＂worst days＂, ＂annoyance level＂ and CSQ ＂fantasy＂ score （r =0. 35 -0. 40, P 〈0. 01）. The SASRQ total score and subscale scores had no significant correlation with SSRS scores, age, alcohol consumption, educational level, income, and length of service （r = - 0. 2 - 0. 22, P 〉 0. 05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that annoyance level （ B = 1.58, P 〈 0. 05）, the ＂days of the worst＂ （B =0. 66, P 〈0. 01） and CSQ ＂fantasy＂ score （B =0. 35, P 〈0. 05） were positively correlated with SASRQ total score. Conclusion： The rescued miners of a coal mine disaster have serious acute stress symptoms in the following 2 weeks. The individuals who have more annoyance level, more time of the worst feeling, and higher fantasy score of coping style scale may be more likely

关 键 词：矿难 急性应激障碍(ASD) 斯坦福急性应激反应问卷 相关因素 

分 类 号：B845.67[哲学宗教—心理学] R749.5[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]