不同性别低年级大学生的自我分化与心理健康:自尊的调节作用  

Linking self-differentiation and mental health in lower-grade college students with different genders: Moderating roles of self-esteem

作　　者：姚玉红[1,2] 刘亮[3] 赵旭东[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学医学院,上海200092 [2]同济大学心理健康教育与咨询中心,上海200092 [3]上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心,上海200025

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2011年第11期856-861,共6页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：上海市教育委员会;上海市教育发展基金会"阳光计划"课题(10YG19);同济大学"面向二十一世纪教育振兴行动计划"--家庭系统动力学量化测评及干预研究

摘　　要：目的:从性别差异的角度探索低年级大学生的自我分化和心理健康的关系,并检验自尊水平对两者之间联系的调节作用。方法:采用方便取样,选取某大学一二年级学生共1069人,用自编一般情况问卷、Rosenberg自尊量表(SES)、自我分化量表(DSI)及SF-36健康调查量表(SF-36)进行集体施测。结果:男生SF-36心理健康因子得分及自我分化的与人融合、自我位置和情感反应性3个因子得分均高于女生(均P<0.001),而自尊得分低于女生(P=0.009)。男女生SF-36的心理健康因子得分均与自我分化的4个因子得分呈正相关(r=0.36～0.49;均P<0.001),而与自尊得分呈负相关(r=-0.45,-0.39;均P<0.001)。多元回归分析显示:女生的自尊在DSI的自我位置因子与心理健康的关联中发挥调节作用(β=0.59,P<0.01)。在女生DSI的其余因子及男生所有DSI因子与心理健康的联系中未发现自尊的调节作用。结论:与女大学生相比,男大学生的心理健康状况较好,自我分化程度和自尊水平更高。低年级大学生的自我分化水平与心理健康密切相关,高自我分化者心理健康状况较好。女生的自尊水平越低,越容易因不成熟的自我分化而体验到更多的情绪和心理健康困扰。Objective： To explore the association between the self-differentiation and mental health of lowergrade college students from the gender perspective, and to identify the moderating role of self-esteem in this link. Methods： Totally 1069 freshmen and sophomores were sampled. They were assessed with the self-compiled demographic questionnaire, Rosenberg＇s Self-esteem Scale （SES）, Differentiation of Self Inventory （DSI）, and Mos 36-item Short Form Health Survey （SF-36）. Results： Male students reported higher scores on mental health dimension of SF-36 and lower scores on SES than female students （Ps 〈 0.01）. Male students scored higher on the ＂Fusion with others （FO） ＂, ＂I-Position （IP）＂ and ＂Emotional reactivity （ER） ＂ scales of DSI than female students （ Ps 〈0. 001）. No significant difference was found in the ＂Emotional cutoff （EC）＂ scores between genders. For both genders, mental health scores were positively correlated with DSI four subscale scores（ r = 0. 36 -0. 49, Ps 〈 0. 001） while negatively correlated with SES scores （r = -0.45, -0. 39, Ps 〈 0. 001）. For female students, self-esteem was found to moderate the link from IP to mental health （β=0. 59, P 〈0. 01）. Conclusion： Male students have higher level of self-differentiation and self-esteem, and better mental health than female students in this sample. The self- differentiation level of lower-grade college students may affect their mental health, with better self-differentiation better mental health. Lower self differentiated girls who have lower self-esteem may be at higher risk to confront with mental health problems.

关 键 词：自尊 自我分化 低年级大学生 自我位置 心理健康 调节 横断面研究 

分 类 号：B844.3[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] R749.055[哲学宗教—心理学]