增施绿肥与降低氮肥对小麦产量和土壤肥力的影响  

EFFECT OF GREEN MANURE UTILIZATION AND REDUCED N FERTILIZER ON WHEAT YIELD AND SOIL FERTILITY

作　　者：张久东[1,2] 包兴国[2] 王婷[2] 胡志桥[1,2] 曹卫东[3] 杨文玉[2] 舒秋萍[2] 李全福[2] 王健[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所,甘肃兰州730030 [3]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《核农学报》2011年第5期998-1003,共6页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201103005-04)

摘　　要：在甘肃河西绿洲灌区,通过田间试验研究了增施绿肥7500kg/hm2后减施无机N肥施用量对小麦产量、经济性状、土壤肥力和土壤微生物数量的影响。结果表明,绿肥+70%N处理比当地农民习惯施肥模式(FFP)增产829～1525kg/hm2,增产率为10.7%～22.9%,且土壤碱解N、速效P、速效K和有机质含量均较高,能显著促进土壤微生物尤其是细菌的活动,较农民习惯施肥处理细菌数量增加62.8%。增施绿肥7500kg/hm2可降低施用无机N肥67.5kg/hm2左右,并能提升土壤肥力,增加小麦产量,具有较好的经济效益和生态效益。In Hexi oasis region of Gansu province,an field experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of fertilized 7500 kg/hm^2 green manure and decreased N fertilizer on wheat yield,wheat chief characteristics,soil fertility and soil microbes.Results showed that the yield was increased by 10.7%~22.9%,829~1525kg/hm^2 under the green manure ＋ FFP 70% N than that under the FFP treatment.In addition,the soil available N,available P,available K and organic matter content were much higher,and the number of microorganisms was significantly increased,for instance,the bacteria increased by 62.8% compared with FFP.Applied green manure of 7500kg/hm^2 improved the soil fertility and wheat yield when instead of N fertilizer 67.5kg/hm^2,which could produce more economical benefit,ecological benefit and social benefit.

关 键 词：绿肥 有机质 无机N 微生物 小麦 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]