微生物降解硝基苯废水的研究进展  

Research advances in microbial degradation of high salt water of nitrobenzene

作　　者：马溪平[1] 王延刚[1] 徐成斌[1] 魏娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学环境学院,沈阳110036

出　　处：《生态科学》2011年第5期562-567,共6页Ecological Science

基　　金：辽宁省科技攻关基金资助项目(2005229003);辽宁省科技厅项目(20060117-232);辽宁大学"211"三期重点学科资助项目

摘　　要：硝基苯是一种淡黄色,苦杏仁味的高毒物质,且难生物降解,广泛应用于化工、染料、制药等工业,具有稳定化学性质、高毒性和易在生物体内积累的优先污染物.硝基苯的大量排放对环境构成了严重威胁,对该污染物的处理一直是研究焦点。对硝基苯的降解方法主要有物理法、化学法和生物法,生物法费用低、不易造成二次污染,可以最大程度的降解污染物。微生物降解在硝基苯类化合物废水治理和污染环境修复方面具有明显优势,近年来人们己筛选出许多硝基苯高效降解菌。从降解菌的种类,降解途径,共代谢,固定化,基因工程,高盐条件下的降解等方面阐述了硝基苯生物降解的最新研究进展。The nitrobenzeneis faint yellow, with bitter almond taste poisonous substance, which is hardly biodegraded. It is widely usedin chemical industry, dye, pharmacy and so on. Nitrobenzene and its substituted compounds are a group of priority pollutants characterized by chemical stability, high toxicity, and biological accumulation. The emission of nitrobenzene brings serious threat to the environment. Therefore, the treatment of this toxic organic pollutants has been the focus of research.The common technology in removal nitrobenzene includes physical methods, chemistry methods and biological methods. The biological methods can degrade pollutants greatly with low cost. To treat the waste water and its substituted compounds and to remedy the environment polluted by these compounds, microbial degradation had advantages over other methods. Over the recent years many excellent nitrobenzene degradation bacteriumhave been obtained. This paper summarized the research advances in the microbial degradation ofnitrobenzene by terms of the types of degrading microbial, degradation pathways, co-metabolism, immobilization, genetic engineerings, degradation of high-salt conditions.

关 键 词：硝基苯 生物降解 耐盐 共代谢 固定化 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] Q14[生物学—生态学]