述吐火罗语在证明汉语-印欧语关系中的作用  

The Role of Tocharian in Establishing the Relationship between Chinese and Indo-European Languages

作　　者：李艳[1] 李葆嘉[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学外国语学院,陕西西安710062 [2]南京师范大学文学院,江苏南京210097

出　　处：《语言科学》2011年第6期586-592,共7页Linguistic Sciences

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究西部和边疆地区项目(10XJA740002);陕西师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(10SZYB07);陕西师范大学人文社会科学研究基金重点项目(09SZD04)的资助

摘　　要：汉语与印欧语的关系,无论是同源关系,还是接触关系,一直为历史比较语言学界所关注。19世纪到20世纪初在新疆发现的吐火罗语,对考证古代汉语和印欧语之间的关系具有重要价值。由于吐火罗文的年代太晚,现存资料无法直接证明汉藏语和印欧语存在发生学关系。但是汉语中的吐火罗族称、地名等残留词,以及吐火罗语中的汉语借源词,为汉语和印欧语在上古时期有过紧密接触提供了确凿证据,也为进一步思考与探寻远古东亚语言和原始高加索语的亲缘关系提供了一定参考。The relationship between Chinese and Indo-European languages has attracted attention of scholars of comparative historical linguistics. The discovery of Tocharian in Xinjiang from 19th to the beginning of 20th existed so anciently, century helped a lot it couldn＇t provide in establing the relationship of these two. Since Tocharian evidence to prove the genetic relationship between Chinese and Indo-European. But the names of tribes and places of Tocharian remained in Chinese and Chinese loanwords in Tocharian offer concrete for the evidence for close contact between Chinese and Indo-European. That also suggests the relationship between East Asian languages and Proto-Caucasian.

关 键 词：汉语-印欧语关系 吐火罗语残留词借源词 

分 类 号：H211.8[语言文字—少数民族语言]