从“来”的语法化看焦点结构与焦点标记的产生  

On the Emergence of the Focus Structure and Marker from the Perspective of the Grammaticalization of lai(来)

作　　者：张全生[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学国际文化交流学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《语言科学》2011年第6期618-628,共11页Linguistic Sciences

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究新疆项目(11XJJC740003)阶段性成果

摘　　要：文章通过讨论分析"来"从趋向动词到焦点标记词的语法化历程,确认其内因是动词结构"VP1+(NP1)+来+VP2+(NP2)"提供的句法格式以及"来"在该结构中表空间位移义的语义消退;在与"是"语法化为焦点标记的过程比较后,认为句子焦点的位置和焦点结构的变化是促成焦点标记产生的一个重要因素。This paper discusses firstly the grammaticalization process of the Chinese verb lai（来） from a directional verb to a focus marker, and then ascertain that the inner motivation of the process is the syntactic formula of ＂VP1 ＋（NP1 ）＋lai＋VP2 ＋（NP2）＂ and the semantic bleaching of the meaning of lai for spatial motion. After a simple comparison between the process and the grammaticalization of shi（是） into a focus marker, it concludes that the position of syntactic focus and the change of focus structure are important factors inducing the evolution of focus marker.

关 键 词：“来”语法化焦点结构 焦点标记 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]