城市化对生态系统服务功能影响的实证研究——以西安市南郊为例  

Experimental Study on Effect of Urbanization on Service Functions of Ecosystems——A Case Study in Southern Suburbs of Xi'an City

作　　者：周忠学[1] 仇立慧[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710062 [2]西安文理学院旅游与环境系,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2011年第6期974-979,共6页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：陕西师范大学优秀科技预研项目(200902014);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(GK200902022)

摘　　要：城市化空间格局控制着生态系统的动态过程。以西安市南郊为样区,应用GIS和RS技术方法,通过对城市化格局与生态系统服务功能空间格局及其相互关系的分析,实证研究了城市化对生态系统服务功能的影响。得出:①西安市南郊城市化水平具有明显的圈层空间格局,即离城市建成区越远,城市化水平越低;②生态系统服务功能离城市核心区越远,生态服务功能就越强,建成区是生态系统服务功能密度的低值区;③综合城市化水平与生态系统服务功能总值之间存在比较强的负相关关系,即城市化必然导致生态系统服务总功能的下降,但对不同的生态系统服务功能的影响不同,对废物处理功能、食物生产功能、土壤形成与保护功能、气候调节功能等具有比较显著的负面影响,而对生物多样性保护功能、原材料生产功能和娱乐文化功能等的影响不显著。The spatial pattern of urbanization controls the dynamic process of ecosystems.In this paper,the GIS and RS methods were used to carry out an experimental study on the effect of urbanization on the service functions of ecosystems after analyzing the spatial patterns of urbanization,service functions of ecosystems and interrelations among them in southern suburbs of Xi＇an City.The conclusions are as follows： ① There was an obvious circular spatial pattern of urbanization in southern suburbs of Xi＇an City,that is the farther the regions away from the built-up area of the city were,the lower the urbanization level was;② The farther the ecosystems away from the built-up area were,the stronger the service functions of ecosystems were,and the service value of ecosystem per hm2 was the lowest in the built-up area;③ There was a strong negative correlation between the comprehensive urbanization level and the total value of service functions of ecosystems.There were also the quite remarkable negative impacts of urbanization on the service functions of ecosystems,but the impacts were different from different service functions of ecosystems.There were the significant negative impacts on waste treatment,food production,soil formation and conservation and climate regulation in the study area,but the impacts on biodiversity conservation,raw material production and entertainment were not remarkable.

关 键 词：城市化 生态系统 服务功能 空间格局 西安市 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]