青州市农村老年居民眼病患病现况及防治研究  

PREVALENCE AND CONTROL STRATEGIES OF EYE DISEASES AMONG ELDERLY RESIDENTS IN RURAL AREAS OF QINGZHOU

作　　者：刘德平 吕军成[2] 陈丽娟 刘学禹 陈景武[2] 王继兵 

机构地区：[1]山东青州眼科医院,青州262500 [2]潍坊医学院卫生统计学教研室 [3]潍坊眼科医院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2011年第22期4629-4632,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]了解青州市农村60岁及以上居民眼科疾病患病、发病及未就诊现状,探讨防治工作对策。[方法]采用横断面抽样调查研究方法,对农村以地理位置分为平原、丘陵、山区3层,以村为单位分层整群按比例抽查99个村15929人。数据分析应用SAS9.1完成。农村不同地区、不同性别眼科疾病患病率的比较,先进行率的标准化,再进行样本标准化率的假设检验;不同年龄组眼科疾病患病率的比较,未就诊率的比较,先进行多个样本率的卡方检验,再进行两两比较的卡方检验,以α=0.05为检验水准。[结果]该市调查样本农村60岁及以上居民眼科疾病患病率13.16%,丘陵高于平原,山区高于丘陵。3个不同年龄组患病率有差别,70岁～年龄组最高,不同年龄组各眼科疾病患病率也不同。不同性别的眼科疾病患病率女高于男。眼科疾病发病率近3年比较,2008年高于2006年和2007年。眼科疾病患者总的未就诊率为71.74%。[结论]该市农村60岁及以上居民眼科疾病患病率较高,且未就诊率较高;不同地区、不同年龄组和不同性别患病率均有差别;近3年的发病率有差别。以本研究结果为依据,初步探讨了农村眼科疾病防治工作的对策。[Objective]To investigate the status of eye diseases and non-seeking medical services in residents aged ﹥ or = 60 years in rural areas of Qingzhou,so as to make control strategies.[Methods]Cross-sectional sample survey were used,and the sample was divided into three-tier：plain,downland and mountain area respectively by geographical location of the rural areas.Stratified cluster proportional sampling was taken by village unit,a total of 15 929 individuals from 99 villages were sampled.The data analysis was performed by SAS 9.1.[Results]The prevalence of eye diseases in sampled residents aged ﹥ or = 60 years in rural areas of Qingzhou city was 13.16%.The prevalence of eye diseases in downland areas was significantly higher than in plain areas（u = 2.56,P﹤0.012）,and mountain areas was significantly higher than that in downland areas（u = 3.29,P﹤0.01）.The difference of prevalence of eye diseases among three age groups was significant when compared each other.The prevalence of eye diseases in residents aged ﹥ or = 70 years in rural areas was the highest.The prevalence of eye diseases was different in different areas and different age groups.The prevalence of eye diseases was higher in female than that in male（u = 12.146 9,P﹤0.000 1）.The prevalence of eye diseases changed in recent three years,which was higher in 2008 than that in 2006 and 2007（χ^2 = 36.700 5,P﹤0.000 1）.The overall rate of non-seeking medical services was 71.74%.[Conclusion]The study showed that the prevalence of eye diseases was higher in residents aged ﹥ or = 60 years,the prevalence of eye diseases was different in different areas,different age groups and gender.The prevalence of eye disease was different in recent three years.High rate of non-seeking medical services was found in rural areas.Based on the studies,eye diseases control strategies for rural areas were explored.

关 键 词：农村 60岁及以上居民 眼科疾病 患病现状 防治对策 

分 类 号：R77[医药卫生—眼科] R161.7[医药卫生—临床医学]