非培养技术解析生化系统微生物群落结构  

Analysis of microbial community structure of biochemical system using uncultured technology

作　　者：崔迪[1,2] 李昂[1,2] 王继华[3] 张斯[1,2] 庞长泷[1,2] 马放[1,2] 王立[1,2] 崔潇[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150090 [2]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,哈尔滨150090 [3]哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院,哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报》2011年第10期45-49,共5页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51108120;51178139;51108145;50809020);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项基金资助项目(2008ZX07313-001);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(20090460901);哈尔滨市科技局青年科技创新人才研究专项基金资助项目(2011RFQXS093)

摘　　要：为揭示城市污水厂生化系统稳定运行阶段微生物与污染物降解效率间的关系,采用变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)和Biolog技术,对冬春季城市污水厂稳定运行阶段生化系统中的微生物群落结构及代谢活性进行动态监测.结果显示,冬春季生化系统出水水质指标COD、NH4+-N和TN的平均去除率分别达84.4%、84.7%和59.8%左右.同季生化系统中不同位点微生物群落结构稳定,以芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)、假单胞菌(Pseudomonas)、气单胞菌(Aeromonas)为主的优势菌群生态位稳定;春季温度升高,生化系统中微生物种群数量、多样性及代谢活性均加强,利于污染物的有效去除.To reveal the relationship between microorganism and pollutants＇ degradation in the stability system of the municipal wastewater treatment plant, the dynamic monitoring of microbial community structure and metabolic activity of the stable operation biological system in biological wastewater treatment plant was carried out using the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （PCR - DGGE ） and Biolog Technology. The results showed that the average removal efficiency of effluent COD, NH4 ＋ - N and TN was more than 84.4% , 84. 7% and 59.8% , respectively. The microbial community structure was stable in the different sites of biological sys- tem in the same season, and the ecological niche of predominant functional species including Bacillus , Pseudomonas, Aeromonas was stable. As the temperature increased in spring, the quantity and diversity of population increased significantly. Meanwhile, metabolic activity strengthened in bioloical system, which could improve the removal rates of pollutants. It is feasible to use the two methods to monitor the changes of microbial community structure of biological system in a wastewater treatment plant at low temperature.

关 键 词：生化系统 微生物群落 变性梯度凝胶电泳 BIOLOG 代谢活性 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]