古环境演变和海岸线变迁对江淮东部新石器文化的影响  

IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL EVOLUTION AND COASTLINE CHANGE ON THE NEOLITHIC CULTURES IN THE EASTERN PART OF JIANG-HUAI AREA

作　　者：徐时强[1] 萧家仪[1,2] 肖霞云[2] 高亚玮[1] 韩艳[1] 祁国翔[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210046 [2]湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2011年第5期127-134,共8页Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40671193);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD);中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境重点实验室开放基金项目与南京师范大学创新团队联合资助

摘　　要：考古学发现江淮东部已有十多处新石器文化遗址,形成了有区域特征的文化序列。分别为龙虬庄文化(7 000?6 300～5 500aBP)、大汶口文化(5 500～4 600aBP)和龙山(岳石)文化(4 300～3 450aBP)。在中全新世适宜期,受气候、长江、淮河三角洲的发育和海面变化的共同作用,江淮东部约7 000aBP,陆地东扩、多道沙堤演化及古泻湖发育,形成低洼的里下河地区。适宜的水汽环境繁育了大量的水生动、植物和大型哺乳动物,为古代先民居住提供了适宜的居住地和食物资源。岳石文化末期(3 450aBP稍后),气候温和略干,江淮东部长期处于盐沼环境,且海潮成灾,导致先民迁徙,古文化出现断歇。古环境演变对江淮东部史前文化的兴衰驱动作用明显。More than ten neolithic cultural sites have been discovered in the eastern part of Jiang-Huai area,showing a cultural sequence consisting of the Longqiuzhuan culture（7 000？6 300~5 500 aBP）,Dawenkou culture（5 500~4 600 aBP）and Longshan（YueShi）culture（4 300~3 450 aBP）.During the period of Holocene optimum,due to the joint action of favorable climate,rapid development of the Yangtze and Huai river delta and sea level changes,land was expanded eastward about 7 000 aBP.Multi-channel sand bars and lagoons were developed.As the result,the lowland of LiXiaHe area was formed.The environment provided favorable conditions for the survival of aquatic animals,large mammals and plants and the settlement of human being.During the YueShi cultural stage（3 450 aBP years later）,however,the climate became mild and slightly dry,and the Jianghuai area was dominated by salt marshes under frequent tidal flooding,that forced the ancient residents to move away and caused the break of cultural records.It suggests that palaeoenvironmental changes is the main factor to the rise and decline of prehistoric cultures.

关 键 词：新石器遗址 古环境 江淮东部 

分 类 号：P736.2[天文地球—海洋地质]