土壤NO_x气体释放研究进展  

Advance in the Study of NO_x Emission Fluxes in Soil

作　　者：王兵[1] 李心清[1] 程红光[1] 程建中[1] 周志红[1,2] 邢英[1,2] 房彬[1,2] 张立科[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵州贵阳550002 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《土壤通报》2011年第6期1522-1529,共8页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：中国科学院院地合作项目;国家自然基金项目(40721002;40872212);贵州省农业攻关计划项目(黔科合NY字[2011]3079号);贵州省科学技术基金项目(2011GZ94199)资助

摘　　要：营养元素的迁移转化是生态学及环境科学研究领域的一个重要课题,土壤微生物活动产生的NOx气体作为大气中NOx的重要排放源之一,日益受到人们的关注。NOx在大气中具有很强的化学活性,通过参与大气中光化学反应而影响到其它温室气体的浓度,且在对流层O3和OH自由基的光化学反应中起着决定性作用,同时也是酸沉降中HNO3的生成源,在平流层NOx是消耗臭氧层的痕量气体之一。本文综合分析了土壤NOx产生及排放机理;影响土壤NOx排放的主要因素;土壤NOx气体排放通量的测定及其模型估算方法。并在此基础上,提出今后应把土壤微生物系统以及土壤硝化、反硝化作用机理作为以后的研究重点,运用同位素技术和各种模型手段进行较大范围的时空尺度上的连续观测研究。The transport and transformation of nutrient elements have long been an interesting subject in the field of environmental science and ecology.As microbial activity is an important source of atmospheric NOx,a series of researches have been developed on it.Although NOx does not contribute to the greenhouse effect directly,being a highly reactive trace gas,nitric oxide（NO） plays an important role in tropospheric photochemistry.It can react with other trace gas and influence the concentration of other greenhouse gas in troposphere,as well as the production and consumption of atmospheric oxidants such as ozone（O3） and hydroxyl radical（OH）,and the photochemical formation of nitric acid（HNO3-）,which is the fastest growing component of acidic deposition.Soil is a major source of atmospheric NOx,and the biogeochemistry of NOx has arrested people＇s attention because of the characteristics of its production,consumption and transportation and so forth.The paper reviews the new developing trends and the up-to-date advances of studies on NOx emission fluxes in soil,including the characteristics of production and emission,influencing factors and spatial and temporal variation and estimations of global NOx emissions and their uncertainties.

关 键 词：土壤 营养元素 生物地球化学 NOx 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]