1株用于甜瓜采后病害生物防治的假单胞菌株的分离及鉴定  

Isolation and Identification of a Pseudomonas Strain for Biological Control of Melon Postharvest Diseases

作　　者：王祺[1] 丰颖[1] 周洪友[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2008年第S1期462-466,共5页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家"863"计划(2006AA10A211);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(nyhyzx-053)

摘　　要：甜瓜以营养丰富口味独特而深受世人青睐。同时,其采后病害高效、"绿色"防治药剂的缺乏也成为多年来困扰甜瓜生产的难题。本文采用直接生物测定的方法,从健康的甜瓜表面分离到1株有生防潜能的菌株X4。该菌株对引起甜瓜主要采后病害的粉红单端胞菌(Trichothecium roseum)、镰刀菌(Fusarium spp.)和链格孢菌(Alternaria alternata)的防治效果分别达到了90.6%、84.4%和67.4%;定殖实验显示,接菌4 d后该菌在瓜内数量可上升并稳定至1.1×10~6CFU/ml;通过16S rDNA测定、形态特征观察及生理生化测定结果表明该菌为Pseudomonas fluorescens biovarⅢ。Melon is a kind of popular and highly nutritional fruit.The most important problem responsible for severe economic losses in melon production is postharvest diseases caused by pathogenic fungi.In this study,a Pseudomonas strain X4 was isolated from the surface of healthy melon.Bioassay experiments showed that the strain X4 strongly protected melon fruits from the postharvest diseases caused by:Trichothecium roseum,Fusarium spp.and Alternaria alternate with inhibiting rates of 90.6%,84.4%and 67.4%,separately.Colonization test showed that the population of the strain X4 reached at 1.1×10~6 CFU/ml 4 d after the inoculation.X4 was identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens biovarⅢaccording to its 16S rDNA sequence,morphological characterization,culturing pattern,and physiological and biochemical reactions.

关 键 词：采后病害 生物防治 假单胞菌 细菌鉴定 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S436.5[农业科学—植物保护]