迁飞性害虫精准施药决策分析方法研究  

Decision-making support methods for precision pesticide application for preventing migratory pest disasters

作　　者：赵春江[1,2] 陈天恩[1,2] 陈立平[1,2] 郜允兵[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]国家农业信息化工程技术研究中心,北京100097 [2]农业部农业信息技术重点开放实验室,北京100097

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2008年第S2期149-155,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家863计划重大项目课题(2006AA10A306);863计划课题(2007AA10Z234)

摘　　要：农药污染是影响农产品质量安全的最大因素,因此精准施药对于农产品安全具有重大意义。针对目前严重危害中国农作物的迁飞性害虫,以农区飞蝗、稻飞虱为例,论述了基于空间信息的精准施药分析决策方法。其中针对农区飞蝗,建立了基于蝗虫生境因子叠置分析的处方图生成技术,并针对飞机防治的需求讨论了处方图中导航信息的配置方法;针对稻飞虱,通过对测报数据和区域稻飞虱成灾影响因素定量化分析,实现了基于时间序列动态描述区域虫灾蔓延范围和成灾程度,由此生成具有时间特征的精准施药处方图。研究表明,通过基于半方差结构和函数拟合的空间信息地统计分析与叠置分析,可估计一定范围内虫害的灾变程度和发生时间,以此作为施药处方的变量区划的基础,将有助于大面积控制农药施用,显著减少农药残留。Pesticide pollution is the most prominent factors for affecting agricultural product quality safety.Thus precision pesticide application has the great significance to agricultural producting safety.In view of disasters caused by migratory pests which seriously damaged farm crops in China,such as locust and planthopper,the spatial-information- analysis-based decision-making support methods for precision pesticide application were discussed.The generation technology of precision pesticide application prescription map for locust disaster was given based on locust habitats analysis,and the navigation method for aerial precision pesticide was also discussed.Aiming at planthopper disaster prevention,based on quantitative analysis of disaster forming factors and monitoring information,the overspreading area and the disaster degree of planthopper was described dynamically on time sequence,and then the precision pesticide application prescription map for planthopper disaster with time characteristics was generated through the descriptions. The results show that it is possible to estimate overspreading area,outbreak time and degree of the disaster caused by migratory pests based on the technologies of geo-statistical analysis with semi-variogram structure and model fitting,and overlay analysis.Based on the estimation results,the precision pesticide application prescription map can be generated and used to control abuse of pesticide for cutting down pesticide residue observably.

关 键 词：精准施药 农产品安全 迁飞性害虫 地统计分析 处方图 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]